1. Waste Characterization Studies and Initial MassDEP Analysis SWAC Meeting June 23, 2011 Jordan Macy, MassDEP

2. Waste Characterization Study (WCS): Background 6 MWC units participating in class II recycling program – Regulations at 310 CMR 19.303 Facilities must submit WCS every 3 years Test Methodology ASTM D5321-92: Test Method for Determination of the Composition of Unprocessed Municipal Solid Waste MassDEP Guidance includes materials – 9 Aggregate Primary Material Categories – 62 Secondary Material Subcategories

3. Primary Material Categories (count of secondary material types) Paper (8) Plastics (13) Metals (7) Glass (4) Organic Materials (5) Construction and Demolition (8) Household Hazardous Waste (9) Electronics (3) Other Materials (5)

4. Secondary Material Subcategories Definitions of each material type are found in appendices of each MWC Facility WCS report Also on DEP website at: http://www.mass.gov/dep/recycle/priorities/ wrr.htm http://www.mass.gov/dep/recycle/priorities/ wrr.htm

5. Sorting Procedure Driver Interviews – Use questionnaires to determine if waste is residential or ICI – Must be > 80% for Residential /ICI designation – Other loads excluded Record Load Sample Information – Origin type of waste (ie. Residential or ICI) – Truck Type (rear packer, compactor, etc.) – Tonnage delivered Staging/selecting the waste sample (must be >225 pounds) – Dumped onto sort screen – Sorted into material category (62) bins – Weigh bins

6. Staging Samples for Sorting

7. Sort Table & Bins

8. Analyses Presented in MWC Reports Account of Final Sort Design Overall Composition of Waste Stream Composition of Waste by Substream – Residential – ICI – Unacceptable loads ( 50% C&D) Composition of Waste by Haul Type – Roll Off vehicle type (open top, closed top, compactor) – Rear/Front loading packer

9. MassDEP Weighted Average Calculations for Summary Estimates In-state waste received by each facility in 2009 (tons) Saugus North AndoverMillburyRochesterHaverhillSpringfield Combined Total MA tons accepted 409,435 386,583 382,226 1,183,591 565,480 121,310 3,048,625 % of Combined Total 13% 39%19%4%100% Adding up the products of (% of combined total) multiplied by (facility % abundance of secondary waste category) across all the 6 facilities equals an estimate of the percent abundance of each material in MA waste (based on 2009 in-state tons received).

10. Comparative % of WCS by MWC

11. Aggregate Categories Saugus*North Andover*Millbury*RochesterHaverhillSpringfield Paper 28.2%28.0%26.7%23.7%27.3%20.1% Plastics 15.4% 16.3%13.4%11.6%13.5% Metals 5.5%5.1%5.7%5.5%5.7%4.6% Glass 2.9%2.7%3.3%1.7%1.8%1.4% Organic Materials 19.8%20.4%17.0%21.3%22.3%21.6% Construction and Demolition 13.3%13.1%16.3%13.2%15.0%13.2% Household Hazardous Waste 4.5%4.7%3.7%2.9%1.7%2.9% Electronics 2.0%2.2%2.0%4.1%3.4%6.3% Other Materials 7.5%7.7%8.0%14.2%11.3%16.5% Other Miscellaneous 0.9% 1.1%2.6%2.3%3.0% *Note: Data at Saugus, North Andover, and Millbury are subject to revision

12. Aggregate Weighted Average of Primary Material Categories* *Note: Data is subject to revision and may be corrected pending updated reports at Wheelabrator Facilities

13. Weighted Average: Top 13 Subcategory Materials (= 64% of Total Materials)* *Note: Data is subject to revision and may be corrected pending updated reports at Wheelabrator Facilities

15. Residential Sector Primary Waste Category Abundance by MWC Facility Aggregate Categories Saugus*North Andover*Millbury*RochesterHaverhillSpringfield Paper 27.627.7 20.918.818.4 Plastics 14.9 13.510.611.8 Metals 4.8 4.56.64.7 Glass 2.8 2.02.71.6 Organic Materials 21.4 23.520.921.7 C & D (in the MSW stream) 12.5 12.115.212.3 Household Hazardous Waste 5.1 3.63.23.6 Electronics 2.1 4.64.46.7 Other Materials 8.0 12.412.815.7 Other Miscellaneous 0.9 3.04.93.6 *Note: Data is subject to revision and may be corrected pending updated reports at Wheelabrator Facilities

16. ICI Sector Primary Waste Category Abundance by MWC Facility Aggregate Categories SaugusNorth AndoverMillburyRochesterHaverhillSpringfield Paper 29.829.226.129.530.525.9 Plastics 16.916.817.113.112.019.1 Metals 7.56.16.37.65.44.1 Glass 3.22.53.61.01.40.6 Organic Materials 15.416.914.116.922.820.9 C & D (in the MSW stream) 15.414.818.715.715.016.0 Household Hazardous Waste 2.83.32.81.61.10.8 Electronics 1.72.71.92.93.05.3 Other Materials 6.46.88.09.87.56.3 Other Miscellaneous 1.00.91.21.91.31.0

17. *Note: Data is subject to revision and may be corrected pending updated reports at Wheelabrator Facilities

18. Weighted Abundance of Top 13 Residential Materials (= 64.1% of Total Residential)* *Note: Data is subject to revision and may be corrected pending updated reports at Wheelabrator Facilities

19. Weighted Abundance of Top 13 ICI Materials (= 71.1% of total ICI)

20. Number of Loads Sampled over 2 Seasons at MWC

21. Questions? Contact Jordan Macy – (617) 292-5805 – Jordan.Macy@state.ma.us

22. Appendix: Material Subcategories

23. Paper (8 types) Uncoated Corrugated Cardboard/Kraft Paper Waxed Cardboard High Grade Office Paper Magazines/Catalogs Newsprint Other Recyclable Paper Compostable Paper Remainder/Composite Paper

24. Plastics (13 Types) PET Beverage Containers (non-MA deposit containers) PET Containers other than Beverage Containers (which originally contained non- hazardous material) Plastic MA Deposit Beverage Containers HDPE Bottles, colored and natural, (which originally contained non-hazardous material) Plastic Tubs and lids (HDPE, PP, etc) Plastic Containers #3-#7 (which originally contained non-hazardous material) Expanded Polystyrene Food Grade Expanded Polystyrene Non-food Grade Bulk Rigid Plastic Items Film (non-bag clean commercial and industrial packaging film) Grocery and other Merchandise Bags Other Film means plastic film Remainder/Composite Plastic

25. Metals (7 types) Aluminum Beverage Containers (non-MA deposit containers) Aluminum MA Deposit Beverage Containers Tin/Steel Containers Other Aluminum Other Ferrous and non-ferrous White Goods Remainder/Composite Metal

26. Glass (4 types) Glass Beverage Containers (non-MA deposit containers) Other Glass Packaging Containers (non-MA deposit containers) Glass MA Deposit Beverage Containers Remainder/Composite Glass

27. Organic Materials (5 types) Food Waste Branches and Stumps Prunings, Trimings, Leaves and Grass Manures Remainder/Composite Organic

28. C&D in MSW Stream (8 types) Asphalt Pavement, Brick, and Concrete Aggregates, Stone, Rock Wood – Treated Wood – Untreated Asphalt Roofing Drywall/Gypsum Board Carpet and Carpet Padding Remainder/Composite Construction and Demolition

29. HHW (9 types) Ballasts, CFLs, and Other Fluorescents Batteries – Lead Acid Batteries – Other Paint Bio-Hazardous Vehicle and Equipment Fluids Empty Metal, Glass, and Plastic Containers (that originally contained toxic materials) Pesticides and Fertilizers Other Hazardous or Household Hazardous Waste

30. Electronics (3 types) Computer-related Electronics Other “brown goods” Televisions and Computer Monitors

31. Other Materials (5 types) Tires and other rubber Textiles Bulky Materials Restaurant Fats, Oils and Grease Other Miscellaneous