1. Classical Period (Neo-Classical or Enlightenment Era)
18th century- 19th century
05/18/11

2. Classical Style “Neo” means new Also known as the age of reason
Returned to ideas of ancient Greece & Rome
Strict rules, pure uncomplicated
Embraces the music of Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven
05/18/11

3. Classical Music 2 important new kinds of music
1. Sonata-written in 3-4 movements (sections) for 1- 2 instruments
2. Symphony-large piece written in 3-4 movements for an orchestra
2 great composers of the time
1. Franz Joseph Haydn
2. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
05/18/11

4. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart1756-1791
05/18/11

5. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Austrian born child prodigy (Unusual, extraordinary, a marvel having unusual skills at something at an early age)
Was giving large scale performances by the age of 6
Known as 1 of the greatest composers of all time
Composed 1st symphony at age 8
Composed very quickly
He spread his reputation by publishing things, playing the piano and having one of his operas performed in 1782
Died a very poor man at the age of 35
Buried in Vienna, small ceremony & unmarked grave
Composed The Magic Flute the year he died
05/18/11

6. Mozart’s Father; Leopold
05/18/11

7. Orchestra
Orchestra-group of musicians Today’s orchestra established during this time
Only had about players, today 100+
Size of orchestra depended on size of the salon (small parlor) & wealth of the people attending
Large concert halls didn’t exist. As they were built larger & larger, more instruments added to each instrument group
Sections of first Orchestra
String Choir-violins, violas, cellos, & bass
6 Woodwind players-2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 bassoons
4 Brass players-2 horns, 2 trumpets
Percussions section-1 pair kettle drums
05/18/11

8. Salon (Reading Hour)
05/18/11

9. Modern Orchestra
05/18/11

10. Franz Joseph Haydn
05/18/11

11. Franz Joseph Haydn Poor family, he was the son of a wheelwright.
He trained as a choirboy at age 8
Later lived in a palace for 30 years & paid to write as much music as possible
At age 60 was invited to go to London to compose symphonies & conduct public concerts
Played the harpsichord (piano-like instrument)
Grouped the instruments of the orchestra
Known as the father of symphony, composed 100+
Nickname “Papa” Haydn
He died in 1809 at the age if 77
05/18/11

12. Harpsichord
05/18/11

13. Harpsichord and Clavichord
05/18/11

14. Haydn’s Writing
05/18/11

15. Beethoven
05/18/11

16. Ludwig von Beethoven Born on December 16, 1770 in Bonn
His first public concert was on March 26, 1778, at age 7
Became deaf in early 20s.
Considered rude & temperamental by many
Never heard his most famous symphony, 9th Symphony
Died exactly 49 years later on the same day as his first concert.
When he died it is said that 10,000 people attended his funeral.
05/18/11

17. Classical Dance
The Romonov family in Russia wanted to westernize their court so they invited artists in western Europe to perform in Russia
05/18/11

18. Jean George Noverre
Was a choreographer who saw the need to reform in ballet.
05/18/11

19. Marius Petipa
Ballet dancer who danced at the Imperial Theatre & became chief ballet master
Choreographed Don Quixote, La Bayadere, The Sleeping Beauty, the Nutcracker and Swan Lake.
05/18/11

20. Classical Theatre Drama very important to aristocratic court
Melodrama means “music drama”
Time of French & American Revolution, philosophy & politics important
Called the “good old days” of literature
05/18/11

21. Moliere (Jean Baptiste Poquelin)
French playwright & actor
Worked for King Louis XIV
Master of Satire (makes fun of humanity)
His death caused superstition thru even modern theatre (He was wearing yellow when he died & is still supposedly bad luck to wear yellow)
05/18/11

22. Neo-Classical Art
Focused on the natural and belief n superiority of rational thought over emotion.
Public buildings based on the ideals of perfection of humanity.
05/18/11

23. Jacques-Louis David French artist
Napoleon Crossing the St. Bernard Pass, c.1801
French artist
Considered the hero of neo- classical art due to serious artworks that represents the ideals of that period.
Official artist of French Revolution
Painted leaders of the war & created costumes for them
Death was a result of being ran over by a carriage
05/18/11

24. Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson was 3rd president, principal author of Declaration of Independence, architect, agriculturalist, etymologist, horticulturist, archaeologist, cryptographer, surveyor, paleontologist, lawyer, inventor, violinist, mathematician, author, & founder of U. of Virginia.
Designed his home, Monticello, including automatic doors & the first swivel chair
05/18/11

25. Monticello & Jefferson Memorial
05/18/11

26. Neo-Classical Art Giovanni Paolo Pannini
The Colosseum and the Arch of Constantine
                                                                                                                              
05/18/11

27. Neo-Classical Architecture
Rebelled against ornate Baroque style
05/18/11

28. Parthenon at Acropolis
Classic Greek Architecture 600 B.C.
Temple of Hephaestus
Parthenon at Acropolis
05/18/11

29. The Death of Marat
05/18/11