2. Facts of CHD Biopsychology of CHD Prediction and prevention Trends of the disease Prevention steps

3. CHD-This disease is a stage of arteriosclerosis, that is where fatty deposits of plaque buildup on the inside the arterial walls, narrowing or even blocking, in some very extreme cases, the arteries, stopping the blood flow to parts of the body This disease is the number one killer in the US today This disease is some what preventable This disease occurs over many years and the effects of it may be unnoticeable until there is a major problem that will require surgery Over time, CHD can weaken the heart muscle which leads to heart failure. Heart failure is a condition in which your heart can't pump enough blood to the entire body. It is possible that blood flow is still good to some parts of the body but not to others, for example it is possible to have hardly any blood flow to the legs but the arms my still be receiving the normal amount This disease is in many cases preventable

4. Biology- Body parts are not receiving enough blood to function properly Loss/ decline of energy and function of limbs Psychology- Depression Helplessness Worthlessness (all of these because they are not able to live life as they had before they had the disease, both males and females experience these symptoms)

5. Risk factors of CHD- Unhealthy cholesterol levels., (high LDL cholesterol, low HDL cholesterol), High blood pressure. ( above or at 140/90 mmHg,), Smoking, Diabetes, Overweight or obesity, Lacking physical activity, Unhealthy diet (high fat diet), Older age (45 years for men, 55 years for women), and Family history of early heart disease. Also low socioeconomic status has been linked to increased heart disease

6. In the last 10 years, 166 000 events of CHD were registered. Officially CHD mortality rates, based on death certification, for men and women, found that on average the annual change of deaths caused by CHD has decreased by 4%, with a few periods over the time span where the occurrence has increased. (Tunstall- Pedoe, Kuulasmaa, Mähönen, Tolonen ) Treatment options (stent and laser surgery ) have greatly reduced the mortality rate of this disease. It is still predicted that thee next generation of adults here in the US will be the highest in history of people with CHD, and it can also be assumed that this will cause the death rate of this disease to rise.

7. Regular – Moderate/intense physical activity Satay away form fatty food Eat fruits and vegetables Stop smoking Regular check ups after age 45, to catch the disease in its early stages if possible Being educated on the disease is one of the best ways to avoid getting this disease!

8. CHD is the #1 killer in the US It is preventable a majority of the time New treatment is lowering the Mortality of this disease Poor diet and lack of exercise are expected to make the future generation be likely for CHD Good diet, exercise, and education can be very good prevention methods Smoking is a large indicator of people with CHD

9. References- Prof Hugh Tunstall-Pedoe MD, Kari Kuulasmaa PhD, Markku Mähönen MD, Hanna Tolonen MSC, Contribution of trends in survival and coronar y-event rates to changes in coronary heart disease mortality: 10-year result, The Lancet, Volume 353, Issue 9164, Pages 1547 - 1557, 8 May 1999 - http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=373219 Peter W. F. Wilson, MD; Ralph B. D’Agostino, PhD; Daniel Levy, MD; Albert M. Belanger, BS; Halit Silbershatz, PhD; William B. Kannel, MD, (2009)Prediction of Coronary Heart Disease Using Risk Factor Categories, American Heart Association -http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/97/18/1837.short Arthur S. Leon, MD; John Connett, PhD; David R. Jacobs, PhD; Rainer Rauramaa, MD, (2011) Leisure-Time Physical Activity Levels and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease and Death-The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial, (JAMA 1987;258:2388-2395) -http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=369012 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (2012) What is Coronary Heart Disease? -http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/cad/ Lee, Johnny, M.D. (February, 2013) Coronary Artery Disease - Coronary Heart Disease, American Heart Association - http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/More/MyHeartandStrokeNews/Coronary-Artery- Disease---The-ABCs-of-CAD_UCM_436416_Article.jsp