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Published byAmelia Nichols Modified over 9 years ago
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Type D personality and Health: Gender Differences in Psychophysiological Responses to Stress Siobhán Howard Department of Psychology
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Fight or Flight
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The Event Demands vs Resources Psychological Stress RESPONSERESPONSE
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Stress: Friend or Foe?
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Stress and Health: Sporting Results
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Cardiovascular System Vessels contract Heart pumps faster Pumps more volume Increased blood pressure Leads to strain on the cardiovascular vessels Leads to heart disease
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Cardiovascular Reactivity Hypothesis Higher reactivity – Higher resting blood pressure 20 years later – Increased risk of cardiovascular disease – Children of hypertensives show higher reactivity
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Personality Type?
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Type D: Distressed Personality Type Highly anxious and shy person – Measured using psychometric scales People with this personality who have suffered a coronary event, more likely to – Have suffered another coronary event – Increased disability as a result of the event – Be dead 10 years later
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Method Participants – 40 male, 36 female (mean age = 20.91, SD = 4.09) Materials – Blood pressure monitor – Psychometric scale to assess Type D – Mental arithmetic task Procedure – 20 minutes to acclimatize to laboratory – 10-minute rest, 5-minute task
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Systolic Blood Pressure Exaggerated reactivity F(1,72) = 6.02, p =.017, partial η 2 =.077
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Diastolic Blood Pressure F(2.09, 150.51) = 4.17, p =.016, partial η 2 =.055 Exaggerated reactivity
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Conclusions Type D personality associated with increased blood pressure reactivity in men – Different pattern evident in women Points towards potential mechanism through which Type D exerts its effects Different effects in men and women
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