1. Union In Peril, The Civil War (1861-1865)

2. The States Take Sides…

3. To Preserve The Union  S.C. succeeds, no legal means to leave the union  Ft Sumter attacked, April 12 th, 1861  Lincoln sees this an act of treason / rebellion  State Militias formed, Habeas Corpus (right to trial) suspended

6. The Union Gears Up  Clay’s (Hamilton’s) American System vs.  Jefferson’s Pastoral System

7. North; Union ArmySouth; Confederate Army Game Plans  Naval Blockade to cut off South  Use of Industry to outlast South  Divide, Conquer, and Occupy rebellious states.  Keep Attacking until North losses the will to fight.  Seek aid from England  Cotton trade seen as critical  Prevent Northern Advances South, Take D.C.

9. Ulysses S. Grant Robert E. Lee Top Players…  Bit of a “wild card”, Indian fighter  Appointed head of army in 1864  Total War (destroy everything)  Skilled Tactician  Believed in fast, hard-hitting attacks  Focused on trying to knock- out D.C.

10. Major Battles…  Battle at Gettysburg  Gettysburg Pennsylvania  Furthest advance north of Lee’s army  Over 46,000 killed, wounded or MIA in three days  First decisive victory in for the Union  Gettysburg Address  Lee’s army defeated, beginning of the end for CSA  Other battles: map http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/lifestyle/special/civil-war- interactive/civil-war-battles-and-casualties-interactive-map/

11. Gettysburg Address  1863  Lincoln used the victory to reassure the country that the “Union shall not parish from the earth”.  Dedication of a military cemetery  The speaker before Lincoln spoke for over 2 hours…. Lincoln, only a few minutes…

12. Emancipation Proclamation!  1863  Freed all slaves in rebellious states (not in the north where slavery was still legal however)  185,000 freed slaves fought for the union  While not a law, framed the war in a new moral context

14. Wars End (1865)  Lee Surrenders to Grant at Appomattox Courthouse  Most of the southern resistance vanishes  Over 1,147,954 killed in action, thousands more killed by infection/ sickness.