1. Renaissance and Reformation 1450-1600 Renaissance and Reformation 1450-1600

2. Renaissance and Reformation 1450-1600 Differences Between Now and Then Local control of politics; central institutions were weak Hierarchical Nature of Society Tradition and Religion Great danger from disease, poor hygiene, famine, natural disaster, war, violence

3. Renaissance and Reformation 1450-1600 Religion: Powerful Force Belief in the devil, hell, and a punishing God were powerful forces Thinkers of the Renaissance and Reformation would challenge some of these beliefs Religion guided people ex- Elizabeth I (Film)

4. Renaissance and Reformation 1450-1600 Medieval versus Renaissance Worldview Idea of a Divine Plan Importance and Hierarchy Dualism: Spirit vs. Matter Allegory Providence Teleology Overriding concept: Humanism Importance of philology Importance, return and restoration of classical texts, arts, literature and drama from Greek and Roman Period Medieval View Renaissance

5. Renaissance and Reformation 1450-1600 Protestant Reformation Defined: Reformation, was a spiritual/religious revolution that aimed to correct the “problems” of the Catholic Church and sparked a century and a half of religious civil war. It resulted in the establishment of the Protestant branches of Christianity- e.g. Lutheranism, Calvinism etc

6. Renaissance and Reformation 1450-1600 Causes of Protestant Reformation Anti-Clericalism An appetite for spiritual experience Reliance of church interpretation ended with return to original sources Martin Luther's 95 Theses

7. Renaissance and Reformation 1450-1600 Martin Luther Faith alone will bring salvation 1517, he published his 95 Theses, arguing against the sale of indulgences

8. Renaissance and Reformation 1450-1600 In your own words, explain what each statement means: Vain is the hope of salvation through letters of pardon, even if a commissary-nay, the Pope himself- were to pledge his own soul for them Again, why does not the Pope, whose riches are at this day more ample than those of the wealthiest of the wealthy; build the one Basilica of St. Peter with his own money, rather than with that of poor believers?

9. Renaissance and Reformation 1450-1600 Counter Reformation Actions taken by Catholic Church to counteract the impact of Protestant Reformation Includes: Council of Trent, Roman Inquisition, Index of Prohibited Books, creation of religious orders

10. Renaissance and Reformation 1450-1600 Council of Trent (1546- 1563) All medieval church law was valid and important Latin would remain official language Re-emphasized the importance of “good works” and “faith” No new definition of sacraments

11. Renaissance and Reformation 1450-1600 Other Actions taken by Catholic Church Roman Inquisition- a tribunal designed to find heretics and bring them to justice Roman Index of Prohibited Books- a process of reviewing and censoring books The founding of Religious Orders devoted to teaching, propaganda, and social services, e.g.- Jesuits

12. Renaissance and Reformation 1450-1600 When the Dust Settles: Catholicism vs. Protestantism Scripture interpreted by wisdom Good Works and Faith 7 Sacraments Stick with Latin Clergy must be celibate and chaste Purgatory is real Honour Saints Scripture as you read it Faith Alone 2 Sacraments- Eucharist, Baptism Language of the people Clergy could marry Go to Heaven or Hell Criticized Honouring Saints

13. Renaissance and Reformation 1450-1600

14. Works Cited Encarta Reference Library Legacy: The West and the World by Newman