1. Renaissance and Reformation
Renaissance and Reformation

2. Differences Between Now and Then
Local control of politics; central institutions were weak
Hierarchical Nature of Society
Tradition and Religion
Great danger from disease, poor hygiene, famine, natural disaster, war, violence
Renaissance and Reformation

3. Religion: Powerful Force
Belief in the devil, hell, and a punishing God were powerful forces
Thinkers of the Renaissance and Reformation would challenge some of these beliefs
Religion guided people ex- Elizabeth I (Film)
Renaissance and Reformation

4. Medieval versus Renaissance Worldview
Medieval View
Overriding concept: Humanism
Importance of philology
Importance, return and restoration of classical texts, arts, literature and drama from Greek and Roman Period
Idea of a Divine Plan
Importance and Hierarchy
Dualism: Spirit vs. Matter
Allegory
Providence
Teleology
Renaissance and Reformation

5. Protestant Reformation Defined:
Reformation, was a spiritual/religious revolution that aimed to correct the “problems” of the Catholic Church and sparked a century and a half of religious civil war. It resulted in the establishment of the Protestant branches of Christianity- e.g. Lutheranism, Calvinism etc
Renaissance and Reformation

6. Causes of Protestant Reformation
Anti-Clericalism
An appetite for spiritual experience
Reliance of church interpretation ended with return to original sources
Martin Luther's 95 Theses
Renaissance and Reformation

7. Renaissance and Reformation 1450-1600
Martin Luther
Faith alone will bring salvation
1517, he published his 95 Theses, arguing against the sale of indulgences
Renaissance and Reformation

8. In your own words, explain what each statement means:
Vain is the hope of salvation through letters of pardon, even if a commissary-nay, the Pope himself- were to pledge his own soul for them
Again, why does not the Pope, whose riches are at this day more ample than those of the wealthiest of the wealthy; build the one Basilica of St. Peter with his own money, rather than with that of poor believers?
Renaissance and Reformation

9. Renaissance and Reformation 1450-1600
Counter Reformation
Actions taken by Catholic Church to counteract the impact of Protestant Reformation
Includes: Council of Trent, Roman Inquisition, Index of Prohibited Books, creation of religious orders
Renaissance and Reformation

10. Renaissance and Reformation 1450-1600
Council of Trent ( )
All medieval church law was valid and important
Latin would remain official language
Re-emphasized the importance of “good works” and “faith”
No new definition of sacraments
Renaissance and Reformation

11. Other Actions taken by Catholic Church
Roman Inquisition- a tribunal designed to find heretics and bring them to justice
Roman Index of Prohibited Books- a process of reviewing and censoring books
The founding of Religious Orders devoted to teaching, propaganda, and social services, e.g.- Jesuits
Renaissance and Reformation

12. When the Dust Settles: Catholicism vs. Protestantism
Scripture interpreted by wisdom
Good Works and Faith
7 Sacraments
Stick with Latin
Clergy must be celibate and chaste
Purgatory is real
Honour Saints
Scripture as you read it
Faith Alone
2 Sacraments- Eucharist, Baptism
Language of the people
Clergy could marry
Go to Heaven or Hell
Criticized Honouring Saints
Renaissance and Reformation

13. Renaissance and Reformation 1450-1600

14. Renaissance and Reformation 1450-1600
Niccolo Machiavelli
One of the most Significant Political Thinkers of Renaissance
Wrote, The Prince (1532)- How a Prince can hold and maintain power
Defense of Despotism (rule by tyranny)
Renaissance and Reformation

15. Renaissance and Reformation 1450-1600
Machiavelli’s Ideas
Rejected the restrictions of honour and religion
Rulers should only be concerned with power and should only be bound by rules that make him/her successful
Rulers must be skilled in the art of war
Renaissance and Reformation

16. Machiavelli’s Ideas Continued
Men are evil
It is better to be stingy then liberal
It is better to be feared then loved
Keep your word only when it is too your advantage
Known for the saying “ the end justifies the means”
Renaissance and Reformation

17. Renaissance and Reformation 1450-1600
Works Cited
Encarta Reference Library
Legacy: The West and the World by Newman
Renaissance and Reformation