2. Religion 12 chief Gods/Goddesses, Zeus (chief God) mt. olympus. Didn’t focus on morality – everyone went to underworld- Hades. Rituals/Festivals (honor Gods-Olympics) Will of gods –through oracle (sacred shrine where a god revealed the future through a priest). -Delphi. I want you !!!

3. Classical Arts and Literature Architecture & sculptures classical architecture : calmness, clarity & no unnecessary detail. (EX: Parthenon- columns=big open rooms) Sculpture not realism (real)- ideal beauty (perfect body). Drama (plays) Outdoors -religious festivals. Tragedies ( trilogy -set of 3). Aeschylus=first trilogy (Oresteria). Sophocles -Oedipus Rex. Euripedes -real life situations. Comedy (entertain & criticize politicians /intellectuals ). Aristophones wrote comedies.

4. Writing of History Herodutus ( “Father of History”. More stories than facts). Thucydides-greatest historian-accuracy, no bias.

5. Philosophy Organized system of thought (“love of wisdom”) /Explain universe on basis of unifying principles. Pythagoras (Pythagorean theorem)-essence of universe (music & numbers). Sophists-traveling teacher -rejected speculation. improve self,not understand universe. Rhetoric-persuasive speaking -argue effectively/both sides- no right or wrong.

6. Socrates Critic of Sophists. Education -improve the individual. Live life by a code of ethics. Teaching method (SOCRATICE METHOD) -questions & answer format >pupils see things for themselves using their own reason. Questioned authority -sentenced to death/poison.

7. Plato Student of Socrates. How do we know what is real? He thinks a higher world of eternal, unchanging forms has always existed-objects we perceive with our senses are reflections of ideal forms. Wrote “The Republic”. Achieve a good life if live in a just and rational state. Ideal state 3 groups: upper class ( philosopher kings); second (warriors), third (the rest). Create school (Academy)

8. Aristotle Student of Plato- peoples happiness >tied to behavior- life of virtue. Analyzed & classified things based on observation & investigation. Studied natural science by observation=scientific method. Analyzed government to find best form. Favored constitutional gov.

9. 4-4 review Like other peoples, Greeks considered religion necessary to what? The well being of the state God and evil, individual rights, and human nature were all examined topics in what? Greek tragedies Herodotus wrote what is considered to be what? The first real history in western civilization Sacred shrine where priests revealed the future Oracle Famous temple of Athena Parthenon

10. 4-4 review Home of the chief gods and goddesses Olympus Socrates' student Plato Teaching approach using question and answer Socratic method Greeks used rituals to encourage the gods to be what? Generous The sixth-century philosopher Pythagoras taught what? Truth was to be found in music and numbers