1. The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition The Enjoyment of Music 10 th Shorter Edition

2. The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition Part 5 More Materials of Form

3. The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition Unit IX Expanded Elements of Form “I alter some things, eliminate and try again until I am satisfied. Then begins the mental working out of this material in its breadth, its narrowness, its height and depth.” —Ludwig van Beethoven

4. The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition 27. The Development of Musical Ideas Themes Mozart: Symphony No. 40, I Mozart, Eine kleine Nachtmusic, K. 525, I

5. The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition 27. The Development of Musical Ideas Motives Mendelssohn: Italian Symphony, I Beethoven: Symphony No. 5

6. The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition 27. The Development of Musical Ideas Thematic development Purcell: Rondeau from Abdelazar Berlioz: Symphonie fantastique, I (idée fixe) Berlioz: Symphonie fantastique, II (idée fixe) Berlioz: Symphonie fantastique, III (idée fixe) Berlioz: Symphonie fantastique, IV (idée fixe) Berlioz: Symphonie fantastique, V (idée fixe)

7. The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition o s t i n a t o o s t i n a t o o s t i n a t o o s t i n a t o An Italian word that means “obstinate” or “stubborn” A figure that repeats over and over, usually in the bass Ostinato 27. The Development of Musical Ideas

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9. The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition The Enjoyment of Music 10 th Shorter Edition

10. The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition 28. Classical Forms Absolute music Mozart: Sinfonia Concertante Symphony & String Quartet I - Fast II - Slow III – Triple-meter dance IV - Fast Sonata & Concerto I - Fast II - Slow III - Fast Beethoven: String Quartet in C Op. 59, IV Mozart: Piano Concerto No. 21 Beethoven: Piano Sonata No. 8 Multimovement Cycles Mozart: Symphony No. 40, I

11. The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition The First Movement (I) Sonata-allegro form / first-movement form / sonata form Theme I Closing Theme Theme IITheme IClosing Theme Bridge Theme II Coda Exposition (repeated) Development Recapitulation ABA’

12. The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition Exposition (First Movement) Theme I Closing Theme Theme IITheme IClosing Theme Bridge Theme II Coda Exposition (repeated)Development Recapitulation ABA’ Tonic Key Transitional Passage Contrasting Key

13. The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition Development (First Movement) Musical conflict and action Frequent modulations Tension Thematic development, motives Theme I Closing Theme Theme IITheme IClosing Theme Bridge Theme II Coda Exposition (repeated)Development Recapitulation ABA’

14. The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition Recapitulation (First Movement) Theme I Closing Theme Theme IITheme IClosing Theme Bridge Theme II Coda Exposition (repeated)Development Recapitulation ABA’ Tonic Key Tonic Key! Closes the entire movement

15. The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition The Second Movement (II) Typically an Andante or Adagio tempo Ternary (A-B-A) form Shortened sonata form Theme and variations (next slide) Slow rondo Mozart: Piano Concerto No. 21, II Beethoven: Symphony No. 7, II

16. The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition Theme and Variations ||: a :||: b :||: a' :||: b' :||: a'' :||: b'' :||: a''' :||: b''' :||: etc. ThemeVariation IVariation IIVariation III “Greensleeves” Change of key Melodic variation Harmonic variation Rhythmic variation Meter, texture, dynamics, and timbre

17. The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition The Third Movement (III) Minuet/Trio ABA ||: a :||: b :||: c :||: d :|| a | b | MinuetTrioMinuet Dance IDance II (3 instruments) Dance I (no repeats) (Rounded Binary) or ||: a :||: b -a :||

18. The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition Scherzo Scherzo-trio-scherzo Faster pace and rhythmic drive

19. The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition The Fourth Movement (IV) Rondo Form: A-B-A-B-A, or A-B-A-C-A, or A-B-A-C-A-B-A, etc.

20. The Enjoyment of Music 10 th, Shorter Edition The Multimovement Cycle as a Whole 18th century: movements of cycle as individual –First, third, and fourth movements in home key –Second movement in contrasting key 19th century: movements as part of the whole –Cyclical structure

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