1. The Enjoyment of Music 10th Shorter Edition

2. Unit XIII The Eighteenth-Century Concerto and Sonata
“Give me the best instrument in Europe, but listeners who understand nothing or do not wish to understand and who do not feel with me in what I am playing, and all my pleasure is spoilt.”
—W. A. Mozart
The Enjoyment of Music 10th, Shorter Edition

3. 37. The Classical Concerto
The Movements of the Concerto
I: fast
II: slow
III: fast
Cadenza
Mozart: Piano Concerto No. 21, II (piano entrance)
Mozart: Clarinet Concerto, III
Mozart: Piano Concerto No. 21, I (cadenza)
36. The Classical Concerto
The Movements of the Concerto
The Classical concerto form has three movements: fast-slow-fast
Feature of the concerto: cadenza (a fanciful solo passage in the manner of an improvisation toward the end of the movement)
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4. Orchestral Exposition The Enjoyment of Music 10th, Shorter Edition
I. The First Movement
First-movement Concerto Form:
Sonata-allegro with a double exposition A A’ B A
Orchestral Exposition
Solo Exposition
Development
Recapitulation
First movement
The longest and most complex
Combines Baroque ritornello with sonata-allegro form
Resulting form called first-movement concerto form
Sometimes described as a sonata-allegro with a double exposition
Key change to dominant or relative major comes in the second exposition
Modulation to new key area
Various themes
Theme I
Transition
Theme II
Closing
Theme I
Theme II
Coda
Trans.
& piano theme
Cadenza
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II. The Second Movement
Slow and lyrical
Andante, Adagio, or Largo
Second movement
Slow and lyrical, generally an Andante, Adagio, or Largo
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III. The Third Movement
Allegro molto or Presto
Sonata-allegro or Rondo form
Rondo
A-B-A-B-A, or
A-B-A-C-A, or
A-B-A-C-A-B-A, etc.
Sonata-allegro
Theme I
Closing
Theme II
Trans.
Coda
Exposition
Development
Recapitulation A B
Third movement
Typically an Allegro molto or Presto, shorter than the first movement
In rondo form or sonata-allegro form
The Enjoyment of Music 10th, Shorter Edition

7. Mozart: Piano Concerto in G major, K. 453
Written for Barbara von Ployer
One of Mozart’s students
Mozart: Piano Concerto in G major, K. 453 (Listening Guide)
Mozart’s role was crucial to the development of the genre
Mainly written as display pieces for his own performances
During 1784 he wrote 6 piano concertos, one of which was written for a student, Barbara von Ployer (K. 453)
The Enjoyment of Music 10th, Shorter Edition

8. Mozart: Piano Concerto in G major, K. 453 (Listening Guide)
I: Allegro, concerto form
Exposition
Orchestral exposition
Piano soloist exposition, with new theme
Orchestral tutti
Development
Recapitulation with cadenza
Coda
I: Allegro, concerto form
Exposition
Orchestral exposition
Piano soloist exposition, with new theme
Orchestral tutti
Development
Recapitulation with cadenza
Coda
II: Lyrical Andante
Also features a double exposition
III: Allegretto in 2/2
Theme and variations form
Presto coda closes the work
Listening Guide PDF
The Enjoyment of Music 10th, Shorter Edition

9. Famous Women Virtuosos of the Eighteenth Century
Noble and upper-middle-class women
Music teachers and professional performers :
Maria Anna Mozart “Nannerl”
Maria Theresa von Paradis
Barbara von Ployer
Society dictated that noble and upper-middle-class women study music
Many women made a living as music teachers and professional performers
Three women associated with Mozart were impressive keyboard players
Maria Anna Mozart “Nannerl” (Mozart’s sister)
Maria Theresa von Paradis (blind pianist and organist)
Barbara von Ployer (student of Mozart)
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10. The Enjoyment of Music 10th, Shorter Edition
Janissary Music
“Turkish” vogue
Mozart’s Violin Concerto No. 5
The Abduction from the Seraglio
Sonata in A Major, K. 331
Mozart: The abduction from the Seraglio, Overture
Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven were influenced by Janissary music
“Turkish” music was in vogue in the late 18th century
Heard also in Mozart’s Violin Concerto No. 5, finale, his comic opera The Abduction from the Seraglio, and the Sonata in A Major, K. 331
Beethoven: The Ruins of Athens, “Turkish March”
The Enjoyment of Music 10th, Shorter Edition

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The Enjoyment of Music 10th, Shorter Edition

12. The Enjoyment of Music 10th Shorter Edition

13. The Enjoyment of Music 10th, Shorter Edition
38. The Classical Sonata
The Movements of the Sonata Three or four contrasting movements - Fast-slow-fast Fast-slow-moderate-fast
37. The Classical Sonata
The Classical sonata was written either for one solo instrument or two
The Movements of the Sonata
Three or four contrasting movements
Similar to string quartet, symphony, concerto (Fast-slow-moderate-fast)
Beethoven: Sonata No. 8
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Beethoven: Piano Sonata in C-sharp minor, Op. 27, No. 2 (Moonlight) (Listening Guide)
Title given after Beethoven's death
Dedicated to Countess Giuletta Guicciardi
Once thought to be Beethoven's "Immortal Beloved”
1994 film Immortal Beloved inspired by this story
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15. The Enjoyment of Music 10th, Shorter Edition
Beethoven: Piano Sonata in C-sharp minor, Op. 27, No. 2 (Moonlight) (Listening Guide)
Breaks with conventional formal molds
Retains the three-movement format
I: Adagio sostenuto
Modified song form: the piano melodies "sing”
"Dreamy" tone, in C-sharp minor
II: Allegretto
Scherzo-trio form, D-flat major
Frequent use of syncopation
A movement of respite LISTENING GUIDE PDF
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Beethoven: Piano Sonata in C-sharp minor, Op. 27, No. 2 (Moonlight) (Listening Guide)
III: Presto agitato
Sonata-allegro form in C-sharp minor
Tension-filled with contrasting themes and restless motion
Remains one of the most beloved works of the Classical repertory
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The Enjoyment of Music 10th, Shorter Edition