1. ERIK ERIKSON’S Stages of Development
Ch. 8, 9 & 10

2. I. Stage 1- Infancy Birth to 1 ½ years Fastest growth period in life
Developmental Tasks
1. learn to eat solid food
2. begin to walk
3. begin to talk
4. developing trust
D. Trust vs. Mistrust

3. II. Stage 2 - Early Childhood
Ages 2-3
Developmental tasks
1. walk and talk more
2. potty trained
3. social independence develops
4. Sense of autonomy-
need to control impulses, body, environment.
C. Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt

4. III. Stage 3 - Childhood 4-5 years Developmental tasks
1. initiate play with other kids
2. make-believe
3. ask questions
4. Learn initiative- the ability to start something on their own.
C. Initiative vs. Guilt

5. IV. Stage 4 – Late Childhood
6 to 11 years
Developmental Tasks
1. learn physical skills for sports, games, etc.
2. intellectually- learn to read, write, do math
3. learn right from wrong
4. develop attitudes towards themselves and others.
5. develop sense of industry- make things- cookies, models, etc.
C. Industry vs. Inferiority

6. V. Stage 5 – Puberty/Adolescence
Ages 9 – 13 & 14-17
Beginning of adolescence
Become capable of reproducing
Secondary sex characteristics begin to develop
Second fastest period of growth
Hormones develop- estrogen & progesterone-girls & testosterone-boys

7. G. Developmental Tasks
1. Form mature relationships
2. achieve a masculine or feminine social role
3. accept one’s physique and use one’s body effectively
4. Achieve emotional independence from parents and other adults
5. prepare for marriage and family life
6. prepare for career
7. acquire personal standards
8. develop social intelligence-aware of human needs-helping others
9. develop conceptual and problem-solving skills

8. VI. Stage 6- Young Adulthood
Generally age 20 to early 30’s- can start as young as 17.
Financially independent from parents
Can deal with everyday life trials with maturity
At peak of physical abilities- strength, quickness, alertness
Crucial life decisions made- marriage, career, children
Intimacy vs. Isolation

9. VII. Stage 7- Middle Adulthood
35-65 years
Start thinking in terms of what to do with the rest of their lives.
Feeling that time is running out
Start to face death of parents
Mid-life crisis common- divorce, career change, remarriage
1. some have not accepted middle age- can lead to problems adjusting
2. Their children may be going through adolescence, during this time which can add to conflict.

10. VIII. Stage 8- Late Adulthood
65 and older
Retirement common
Senior citizen does not equate to old anymore.
Longer life expectancy- 85 and older common.
Better health practices than in the past.
Measures of Age
1. Chronological- How old you actually are
2. Biological- how well your body is holding up
influenced by diet, exercise, lifestyle, heredity
3. Social- a person’s lifestyle
G. Grandchildren become important
H. Must face death

11. IX. Death- Stages of Acceptance
1. Denial- “No not me”- can’t accept news of a death or their own imminent death.
2. Anger- “Why me?” Stage-resentment, sometimes leads to isolation, rejection
3. Bargaining- begins to accept reality, but bargains for more time by praying, other medical treatments, etc.
4. Depression-time of grieving for what the patient has already lost and will lose. Worries about family, money, fells sense of great loss.-Encourage him or her to grieve
5. Acceptance – Allows for action and facing reality in a constructive way. Closure is important. Not a happy stage, but not helpless either.