1. Political Culture and Socialization MEXICO

2. SYSYEM FUNCTIONS of the Political System

4. Political Culture: Supportive  Mexicans are highly supportive of the political institutions that evolved from the Mexican Revolution  Endorse the democratic principles of the Constitution of 1917  Mexicans are highly supportive of the political institutions that evolved from the Mexican Revolution  Endorse the democratic principles of the Constitution of 1917

5. Political Culture: not supportive  Critical of government performance  Pessimistic about their ability to affect election outcomes  Critical of government performance  Pessimistic about their ability to affect election outcomes  Growing distrust of Congress and the political parties

7. POLITICAL SOCIALIZATION  Direct and indirect process of learning  Formative years of primary importance  Continuance throughout life  Direct and indirect process of learning  Formative years of primary importance  Continuance throughout life

8. Agents of Political Socialization: Early Influences  Family – Mexico: Loyalty highly valued  School – Mexico: secular schools  Religious institutions  Roman Catholic constrained  Protestant used to balance dominant Catholic ethos  Peer groups  Family – Mexico: Loyalty highly valued  School – Mexico: secular schools  Religious institutions  Roman Catholic constrained  Protestant used to balance dominant Catholic ethos  Peer groups

9. Adult Political Socialization: MEXICO  Personal encounters with government functionaries and the police  Violence  Drugs  Employment  Corruption  Personal encounters with government functionaries and the police  Violence  Drugs  Employment  Corruption

10.  Adult Political Socialization: MEXICO  Proliferation of popular movements  Mass media  Print media  Television  Adult Political Socialization: MEXICO  Proliferation of popular movements  Mass media  Print media  Television

11. Political Socialization through political participation  Political participation is of two broad types:  Ritualistic, regime-supportive activities  Voting and attending campaign rallies, for example  Petitioning or contacting of public officials to influence the allocation of some public good or service  By law voting is obligatory  Voting turnout  Closeness of 2006 presidential vote  Political participation is of two broad types:  Ritualistic, regime-supportive activities  Voting and attending campaign rallies, for example  Petitioning or contacting of public officials to influence the allocation of some public good or service  By law voting is obligatory  Voting turnout  Closeness of 2006 presidential vote

12. Trends in Contemporary Mexican Political Culture  Derive from environmental conditions and exposure to the historic events  The trends  Modernization  Parochial decreasing  Still many “subjects”  More participatory  Post-modern values in urban middle class  Self-determination & nationalism  Violence – a failed state?  Pull between economic advantages of NAFTA and cultural affinity with the rest of Latin America  Derive from environmental conditions and exposure to the historic events  The trends  Modernization  Parochial decreasing  Still many “subjects”  More participatory  Post-modern values in urban middle class  Self-determination & nationalism  Violence – a failed state?  Pull between economic advantages of NAFTA and cultural affinity with the rest of Latin America

13. Recruiting the Political Elite: (Activity inside of the System Function )  Who becomes one of Mexico’s political elite?  Recruited predominantly from the middle class  1982-2000 mostly people born or raised in Mexico City  Postgraduate education, especially at elite foreign universities and in disciplines such as economics and public administration  Vincente Fox favored persons with nongovernmental experience and who had no political party affiliation.  Calderon had an MA in economics and public administration (latter from Harvard) and had extensive party experience.  Kinship ties  Political inbreeding?  Who becomes one of Mexico’s political elite?  Recruited predominantly from the middle class  1982-2000 mostly people born or raised in Mexico City  Postgraduate education, especially at elite foreign universities and in disciplines such as economics and public administration  Vincente Fox favored persons with nongovernmental experience and who had no political party affiliation.  Calderon had an MA in economics and public administration (latter from Harvard) and had extensive party experience.  Kinship ties  Political inbreeding?

14. Keep in Mind  POLITICAL CULTURE AND SOCIALIZATION ARE DYNAMIC, NOT STATIC PHENOMENON