2. 1. As you review the power point, take notes of underlined information. If you don’t understand something ask. 2. Notebook Questions: Write them in your notebook and answer. 3. Watch the Video. › Write down 5 new facts you learned. › When finished, briefly summarize the video.

3.  Kenya  Nigeria  South Africa  Sudan  South Sudan Deforestation Nationalism Water Conservation

4. Government Economy History Use this graphic organizer for each country Country Name

5. Central Authority Regional Authority Regional Authority Regional Authority Regional Authority

6. Central Authority Regional Authority Regional Authority Regional Authority Regional Authority

7. Regional Authority Central Authority Regional Authority Regional Authority Regional Authority

8.  Throughout history the area of present day Sudan has been transferred from Arab Empires to various European nations.  The last European nation to control Sudan was Great Britain.  Following Sudan’s independence in 1953 the country has been destroyed by famine, corruption, crime, and military rule (Coup d'état).

10.  Natural resources: petroleum; small reserves of iron ore, copper, chromium ore, zinc, tungsten, mica, silver, gold, hydropower  Natural hazards: dust storms and periodic persistent droughts  Environment - current issues: inadequate supplies of potable water; wildlife populations threatened by excessive hunting; soil erosion; desertification; periodic drought

11.  Population: 40,218,456  Life expectancy at birth 2009-58  Major infectious diseases: degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever  malaria

12. Infant mortality rate (under 1), 2009-69  Total population 2009-42,272,000  Annual no. of births (thousands), 2009-1300  GNI per capita (US$), 2009-1230  Life expectancy at birth (years), 2009-58%  Total adult literacy rate (%), 2005-2008*-69%  Primary school net enrolment/attendance (%), 2005-2009* 54%

13.  Ethnic groups: black 52%, Arab 39%, Beja 6%, foreigners 2%, other 1%  Religions: Sunni Muslim 70% (in north), Christian 5% (mostly in south and Khartoum), indigenous beliefs 25%  Languages: Arabic, English, Nubian, Ta Bedawie, diverse dialects of Nilotic, Nilo-Hamitic, Sudanic languages.  Literacy: 61%

14.  Country name: Republic of the Sudan  Capital: Khartoum  Suffrage: 17 years of age; universal  Executive branch: chief of state: President Umar Hassan Ahmad al-BASHIR note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

15.  Command/Mixed economy  GDP - per capita (PPP): $1,900  Labor force : agriculture: 80%, industry: 7%, services: 13%  Unemployment rate: 18.7%

16.  In 1946 British colonial authorities merged northern and southern Sudan into a single administrative region. The inhabitants of southern Sudan primarily practice Christianity and Traditional African religions. Northern Sudan consists of Arab Muslims. Merging these two have created civil war and ethnic conflict. What caused this?  Artificial Political Boundaries

17. Kidnapped children are being made domestic slaves. Dinka woman with traditional facial scars Dinka facial markings help identify children even if they have forgotten their names

18. A mother tries to console her child in a refugee camp in Darfur, Sudan.

19.  Education is free and required until 13.  Primary education consists of eight years, followed by three years of secondary education.  Arabic is the main language taught in Sudanese schools.  Female education-Very basic and consists mainly of religious studies of the Quran.

20. Presidential Democracy Federal (Dictatorship) Command/Mixed Former British Colony

21.  Unitary- a form of government in which power is held by one central authority.  Confederation-voluntary associations of independent states that, to secure some common purpose, agree to certain limitations on their freedom of action and establish some joint machinery of consultation or deliberation.  Federal-a form of government in which power is divided between one central and several regional authorities.  Which one is Sudan today???? Write your answer in your Notes.

22.  Autocratic-government in which one person possesses unlimited power and the citizen has little if any role in the government.  Oligarchic-Government by the few, sometimes a government in which a small group exercises control especially for corrupt and selfish purposes. The citizen has very limited role.  Democratic-Government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly or indirectly.  Which one is Sudan today????  Write your answer in your Notes.

23.  Parliamentary-system of government having the real executive power vested in a cabinet composed of members of the legislature who are individually and collectively responsible to the legislature. May have a Prime Minister elected by the legislature.  Presidential-a system of government in which the president is constitutionally independent of the legislature.  Which one does Sudan have today????  Write your answer in your Notes.

24. A. A tax on goods when they cross a national border. B. A type of trade restriction that sets a physical limit on the quantity of a good that can be imported into a country in a given period of time. C. The prohibition of trade with a certain country, in order to isolate it and to put its government into a difficult internal situation. Embargo Tariff Quota

25.  officially the Republic of South Sudan  its current capital is Juba, which is also its largest cityJuba  South Sudan became an independent state on 9 July 2011

26.  The constitution establishes a mixed presidential system of government headed by a president who is head of state, head of government, and commander-in-chief of the armed forcespresidential systemhead of statehead of government  Salva Kiir Mayardit, the first elected Salva Kiir Mayardit President of South Sudan

27.  The economy of South Sudan is one of the world's weakest and most underdeveloped with South Sudan having little existing infrastructure and the highest maternal mortality and female illiteracy rates in the world as of 2011.  Since the recent independence of South Sudan, economically little is known or has been established.  Economy dependent upon agriculture and timber

28. Presidential Democracy Federal ? Former British Colony/Gained Independence from Sudan in 2011