1. SS7CG6a Describe the ways government systems distribute power: unitary, confederation, and federal.
Concept:
Governance

2. Vocabulary Words To Know
Unitary
Confederation
Federal

3. UNITARY
characterized by or constituting a form of government in which power is held by one central authority.

5. CONFEDERATION
voluntary associations of independent states that, to secure some common purpose, agree to certain limitations on their freedom of action and establish some joint machinery of consultation or deliberation.

7. FEDERAL
characterized by or constituting a form of government in which power is divided between one central and several regional authorities.

9. Below are distribution of power examples
SSCG6a
Below are distribution of power examples
China United Nations India
and Japan
Group of independent states that have a common interest or purpose that SHARES the power.
Form of government where power is DIVIDED between one central group and several regional groups.
Form of government where one central group holds ALL the power.
FEDERAL
UNITARY
CONFEDERATION
DISTRIBUTION OF POWER

10. SS7CG6b Explain how governments determine citizen participation: autocratic, oligarchic, and democratic.
Concept:
Governance

11. Vocabulary Words To Know
Autocratic
Oligarchic
Democratic

12. AUTOCRATIC
government in which one person possesses unlimited power and the citizen has little if any role in the government. (like a dictatorship or even a monarchy)

13. OLIGARCHIC
government by the few, sometimes a government in which a small group exercises control especially for corrupt and selfish purposes. The citizen has a very limited role.

14. DEMOCRATIC
a government in which the supreme power is vested in the people an exercised by them directly or indirectly through a system of representation usually involving periodically held free elections.

16. CITIZEN PARTICIPATION
SSCG6b
Below are citizen participation examples
AUTOCRATIC
OLIGARCHIC
DEMOCRATIC
Government where one person has unlimited power and the citizen has little if any role or rights.
Government where a small group of people who have all the power and the citizen has a very limited role.
Government where the citizens have all the power either directly or indirectly through free elections.
NORTH KOREA CHINA INDIA and JAPAN
CITIZEN PARTICIPATION

17. SS7CG6c Describe the two predominant forms of democratic governments: parliamentary and presidential.
Concept:
Governance

18. Vocabulary Words To Know
Parliamentary
Presidential

19. PARLIAMENTARY
a democracy having a parliament, a system of government having the real executive power vested in a cabinet composed of members of the legislature who are individually and collectively responsible to the legislature. May have a Prime Minister elected by the legislature.

20. PRESIDENTIAL
a system of government in which the president is constitutionally independent of the legislature.

21. DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENTS
SSCG6c
Below are democratic government examples
PARLIAMENTARY
A cabinet (group of people) or Prime Minister elected by the legislature and not the citizens. Legislative branch that makes the laws have a large share of the power.
PRESIDENTIAL
The President is elected by the citizens and is part of the executive branch, not the legislative branch.
INDIA and JAPAN SOUTH KOREA
DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENTS

22. SS7CG7a Compare and contrast the federal republic of The Republic of India, the communist state of The People’s Republic China, and the constitutional monarchy of Japan, distinguishing the form of leadership and the role of the citizen in terms of voting rights and personal freedoms.
Concepts:
Governance

23. How does the president become the leader?
COUNTRY
TYPE OF GOVERNMENT
FORM OF
LEADERSHIP
VOTING
RIGHTS
PERSONAL FREEDOMS
Republic of India
FEDERAL REPUBLIC:
a govt. in which the powers of the central government are limited and the component parts (states, colonies, or provinces) have some self-government also; ultimate sovereign power rests with the voters who chose their governmental representatives
PRESIDENT
How does the president become the leader?
President is elected by an electoral college consisting of elected members of both houses of Parliament and the legislatures of the states for a five-year term (no term limits)
PARLIAMENTARY DEMOCRACY
Universal (men and women) voting age 18 years and up
India is the world’s largest democracy.
These include individual rights common to most democracies, such as equality before law, freedom of speech, freedom of association and peaceful assembly, freedom to practice religion, and the right to constitutional protection of civil rights. These rights are guaranteed regardless of race, religion, caste, sex, or place of birth. Discrimination against women is still a major problem, and the caste system is still observed in many aspects of life.

24. The People’s Republic of China
COUNTRY
TYPE OF GOVERNMENT
FORM OF
LEADERSHIP
VOTING
RIGHTS
PERSONAL FREEDOMS
The People’s Republic of China
COMMUNIST STATE:
a system of government in which the state plans and controls most of the economy and a single - often authoritarian party holds power.
In other words there is only ONE political party that matters or has any power and that is the
Communist Party.
A true democracy has multiple political parties.
PRESIDENT
How does the president become the leader?
President is elected by National People's Congress for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); National People’s Congress is made up of all Communist Party members. No substantial political opposition groups exist.
PARLIAMENTARY “DEMOCRACY”
Universal (men and women) voting age 18 years and up vote for the National People’s Congress, but the people have little say for change with only one party to vote for
In other words, it is not a TRUE “democracy”
Although the constitution guarantees freedom of speech, the Chinese government often uses a state power clause to imprison those who are critical of the government. China is known for its intolerance of organized opposition towards the government. Opposition groups are routinely arrested and imprisoned, often for long periods of time and without trial. Incidents of torture, forced confessions and forced labor are widely reported. Freedom of assembly and association is extremely limited. Also, there is very heavy government involvement in the media, with most of the largest media organizations being run directly by the government. Peasants (a majority of the population) have fewer rights in reality. Families in urban areas are restricted by the One Child Policy.

25. CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY AND PARLIAMENTARY
COUNTRY
TYPE OF GOVERNMENT
FORM OF
LEADERSHIP
VOTING
RIGHTS
PERSONAL FREEDOMS
Constitutional Monarchy of Japan
CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY AND PARLIAMENTARY
a system of government in which a monarch is guided by a constitution whereby his/her rights, duties, and responsibilities are spelled out and limited by written law or by custom.
PRIME MINISTER
How does the Prime Minister become the leader?
The Diet (legislative branch consisting of House of Councillors and House of Representatives) chooses prime minister; constitution requires that prime minister commands parliamentary majority so following legislative elections, leader of majority party in House of Representatives usually becomes prime minister; monarch is hereditary. In the case of Japan, they have a monarch who is not actively involved in national policy formation or implementation (the monarch is a symbolic/ceremonial position only); true governmental leadership is carried out by the Prime Minister who comes from the legislature (Diet).
PARLIAMENTARY DEMOCRACY
Universal voting age 20 and up
Since the United States helped rebuild Japan after WWII and write the constitution, many rights are similar and fall under life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness including freedom of speech, freedom of thought and conscience; academic freedom; the prohibition of discrimination based on race, religion, social status, or family origin. However, Human trafficking and discrimination against women and ethnic minorities are still problems.

26. Constitutional Monarchy
form of government that is guided by a constitution (written set of laws); the head of state is a king or queen that has limited powers; the real power typically lies with a prime minister that is elected by the citizens

27. Diet
legislative/law-making body or parliament in Japan; it is bicameral consisting of the House of Representatives and the House of Councillors

29. Communism
an economic and political system in which property is owned collectively and labor is organized in a way that is supposed to benefit all people; the government controls all resources (natural, capital, and human)

30. INDIA
Which country is a federal republic with a parliamentary system with three branches of government; has a president who is chief of state and a prime minister who is head of the government; has a bicameral legislature; citizens 18 and older can vote in the world’s largest democracy.

31. CHINA
Which country has an authoritarian communist government with three branches; a president (head of state), vice president, State Council, a premier (head of government); a unicameral legislature (National People’s Congress); a large communist political party that supervises 8 minor parties; men and women 18 and older can vote but have little influence; citizens are censored from speaking out or favoring democratic ideals.

32. JAPAN
Which country has a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary form of government with three branches; a prime minister (head of government) and ministers of state who are civilians and appointed by the prime minister; there is an emperor, but he lacks any power and is more of ceremonial figure and symbol of the state; a bicameral legislature called the Diet who select the prime minister; people can vote by the age of 20 and elect their representatives by popular vote?