1. NOUNS NOUNS

2. What is noun?  Nouns is originated from the word name. Nouns is used for naming words.  Example of noun is car, dog, brother, child, hand, pencil etc.  Nouns are necessary in writing sentences. Eg: The car is shiny or The dog is barking.

3. As the subject of a verb and/or as the object of a verb As the subject of a verb and/or as the object of a verb As object of preposition As complements after linking verbs As complements after linking verbs As object complements after transitive verbs As object complements after transitive verbs As an adjective

4. As the subject of a verb The students were all reading quietly. Mum and dad is cleaning the house. As the object of a verb We didn’t dare make a sound. Have you fed the cat? *it can also act as both. Eg: The stranger [subject] rang the doorbell [object] back

5. Noun as object of preposition I walked into [preposition] the sitting room. He was working at [preposition] his desk. back

6. Noun as complements after linking verbs Noun can be a complement after a verb such as be or become I became an actress quite by accident. Be a man! back

7. Noun as object complements after transitive verbs She called [transitive verbs] me [object] a fool [complement]. The judges voted James the winner. back

8. Nouns used adjectivally The first noun describe the second noun Rain clouds were approaching. The Singapore weather is very humid. There were coffee stain on your clothes. back

9. Types of nouns Proper nouns A name for a particular person, animal, thing or place has a capital letter and is called a proper noun. Eg: Malaysia, David or Friday Common nouns All the other nouns are called common nouns Countable and uncountable nouns Concrete and abstract nouns

10. COUNTABLE NOUNS  Countable noun is an item. You may refer to one or more item. Item can be counted. Eg: book, window, word, idea etc  Because you can refer to more than one such item, countable nouns can be made plural, usually by adding s. Eg: books, photos, windows, words etc.

11. Plurals: forming and using them  The plural form of most nouns is created simply by adding the letter s. more than one snake = snakes more than one ski = skis  Words that end in -ch, x, s or s-like sounds, however, will require an -es for the plural: more than one witch = witches more than one box = boxes more than one gas = gases

12.  There are several nouns that have irregular plural forms. Plurals formed in this way are sometimes called mutated (or mutating) plurals. more than one child = children more than one woman = women more than one man = men more than one person = people

13.  With words that end in a consonant and a y, you'll need to change the y to an i and add es. more than one baby = babies more than one gallery = galleries  Words that end in o create special problems. more than one potato = potatoes more than one hero = heroes... however... more than one memo = memos more than one cello = cellos... and for words where another vowel comes before the o... more than one stereo = stereos

14.  Plurals of words that end in -f or -fe usually change the f sound to a v sound and add s or -es. more than one knife = knives more than one leaf = leaves There are, however, exceptions: more than one dwarf = dwarfs more than one roof = roofs

15. Uncountable nouns Here is a list of UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS for you to consider. Can you count any of these things? Do we use the plural form of any of these words in common speech and writing? What do the things in the first column have in common? the second column? In the first section, above, we named things in the classroom that we could count. What are some things in the same room that we can't count? wood beer cake sugar rice meat cheese applause photography traffic harm publicity homework advice flour

16. CONCRETE AND ABSTRACT NOUNS ~Concrete nouns refer to things you can see and touch such as door and desk. ~Abstract nouns refer to things you cannot see or touch such as safety and voice. ~Both concrete and abstract nouns can be countable or uncountable hhappiness (abstract and uncountable) ttrick (abstract and countable) ffinger (concrete and countable) mmargarine (concrete and uncountable)

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