1. Developments on the Phase- in of Low GWP Chemicals In Various Polyurethane Sectors Kultida Charoensawad PolyUrethanes Industry Group, Thailand UNEP workshop on Management HFCs : Technical Issues, BKK 20-21 Apr 2015 1

2. Challenges and Opportunities in Thailand Beginning in 2015, Thai foam enterprises have 1-year duration before restricted use of HCFC-141b among most foam manufactures. (Tentative date of 1 Jan 2016). Choice of alternative blowing agents are CP and HFC 245fa (reduce formulation – considered for its high GWP). Other HFCs and oxygenated HCs (e.g. MF & Methylal) require additional steps in order to qualify for approval of financial assistance. CP has a cheaper cost and is considered to be feasible for foam enterprises that have high consumption (HCFC 141 B >20 MTPA) due to high investment for safety. HFC 245fa requires less investment, but is more than triple a higher cost than CP. Its low boiling point makes pre-blended in polyols difficult in tropical countries. Unsaturated HFCs (HFO) which may be a solution for small foam enterprises and SPF are not available in the ASEAN region and have a high price. Due to high operational costs of HFCs, foaming makes it non-competitive for small foam enterprises. Micro – mix emerging technology option provides flexibility to alternative blowing agent types, including either HFCs or CPs for foam enterprises. 2

3. Developments on alternative blowing agent in various foam application ApplicationCurrent usePotential future use Note Domestic refrigerator CP HFC or HFO may be in consider to improve their lambda value Commercial refrigerator CP HCFC 141 B CPSame trend to domestic refrigerator Panel, continuous and discontinuous HCFC 141B water CPFor medium enterprise Ice boxHCFC 141 BCP Water, HFC, HFO ? For medium enterprise For small enterprise ?? SPFHCFC 141 BWater HFO ? Water is not prefer due to its high lambda value Integral skin foamWater HCFC 141 B Water Water, MF Automotive OEM Small and medium enterprise Flexible slabstock and molded foam Water MC? WaterLess issue 3

4. THANK YOU UNEP workshop on Management HFCs : Technical issues, BKK 20-21 Apr 2015 4

5. HCFC Phase-out Plan – Thailand Control use of HCFCs in Thailand: 1 Jan. 2013 Baseline (avg. 2009 – 2010) 1 Jan 2015 reduce 10% of baseline 1 Jan 2018 reduce 15% of baseline 1 Jan 2020 reduce 35% of baseline 1 Jan 2025 reduce 67.5% of baseline 1 Jan 2030 control usage 0% (allow 2.5% of baseline during 2030 - 2039 for maintenance) Currently there are no restrictions on use of HFCs in Thailand. UNEP workshop on Management HFCs : Technical issues, BKK 20-21 Apr 2015 5