1. Glossing - Lesson 1 Simplify the forms of English verbs

2. Lesson 1A Write the gloss word as it would appear in the dictionary ◦ Learning = ◦ Thinks = ◦ Happened = Drop the –ing, -s, and –ed endings Irregulars ◦ Has = HAVE ◦ Did = DO ◦ Went = GO ◦ Left = LEAVE ◦ Saw = SEE

3. Things to remember Present Progressive ◦ When a present tense “to be” verb is followed by an –ing ◦ Currently ongoing  I am walking.  She is signing. ◦ Change “to be” verb to “NOW” Gerunds ◦ Verb that functions as a noun  Running is good for you. ◦ Write the root gloss word followed by ITSELF

4. Things to remember Sometimes the –ing must be kept for clarification ◦ That dog is mean! ◦ What did that note mean? ◦ Bowl vs. Bowling ◦ Fish vs. Fishing Infinitives ◦ Verbs with “to” connected  To hit =  To speak = ◦ Drop the “to”

5. Things to remember Helping verbs ◦ Was and were become PAST  Was sewing  Were plowing ◦ Have, has, had become FINISH at the end of the sentence  Have walked  Has eaten  Had driven

6. Examples 1A My dog always watches TV. My mother loved that cat. She stole my book.

7. Lesson 1B Many verbs are verb phrases Examples: ◦ Hand out = ◦ Make up = ◦ Split up = ◦ Look for = The general rule is to find a single-word synonym and use its simplest form In English, verb phrases can be split up. ◦ You always make stuff up.  “make up”

8. Examples 1B Yesterday, our army gave up! He shows his cow off. She always shows off.