1. Welcome to class of Principles of Biochemistry Dr. Meera Kaur

2. What is Biochemistry? A scientific discipline Explains life at the molecular level Explains biological forms and functions in chemical terms Forms basis for studying other fields like cell biology, genetics, medicine, nutrition, immunology etc. Closely relates to other discipline like chemistry, physics, mathematics

3. Levels of organization in a living organism.

4. What is biomolecule? What are living organism made of ? How are they made ?

5. Biomolecules Living matters are made out of biomolecules Biomolecules are made of lighter elements They are mostly combined with covalent bonding Biomolecules are compounds of carbon Biomolecules have functional groups Most biomolecules are asymmetric

6. Elements found in biological molecules

7. What are the major biomolecules? Carbohydrates Protein Lipids Nucleic acds

8. Form of life Prokaryotes (bacteria, archae) Unicellular No nucleus Lack internal membrane systems Incapable of carring complex reactions Eukaryotes (animal, fungi) Multicellular/ unicellular Contain nucleus Have membrane- bounded cellular units Capable to perform cpmplex biological reactions (photosyntesis, aerobic metabolism etc.)

9. Representations of alanine

11. Structure of human endothelin

12. Illustration of entropy

13. How does evolution work?

14. Laboratory synthesis of biological molecules

15. Cyanobacteria

16. Prokaryotic cells

17. A eukaryotic cell

18. Evolutionary tree based on nucleotide sequences

19. Possible origin of eukaryotic cells