1. THE MOLECULES
OF LIFE:
4. Nucleic Acids
1. Carbohydrates
3. Lipids
2. Proteins

2. 1. Carbohydrates! Examples… Organic compounds composed of C, H, and O.
Function = Provide your body with energy!
Examples…

3. glucose (fuel for cells)
C6H12O6
a. Monosaccharide
Building blocks of carbohydrates
(simple sugars) – contain C, H, & O in a 1:2:1 ratio.
Most Common
fructose (sweetest)
Monomer
galactose (milk)
glucose (fuel for cells)

6. Fructose + glucose = sucrose (table sugar)
b. Disaccharide
When two monosaccharides combine in a condensation reaction to form a double sugar
Fructose + glucose = sucrose
(table sugar)

7. 2-monosaccharides linked in a C-O-C bridge
Condensation/
Dehydration:
Link smaller
molecules together
to make a
larger molecule
2-monosaccharides linked in a C-O-C bridge

8. Hydrolysis: Splitting of Molecules by The addition Of water –
Essential Process
for digestion
Fructose

9. c. Polysaccharide
Complex molecule composed of
3 or more monosaccharides
1) Glycogen consists of hundreds
of glucose molecules!
2) STARCH...plant cell walls = starch
Polymer

11. Complete in your Zoho notebooks
Complete in your Zoho notebooks

12. Function = Help build muscle mass!
2. Proteins!
Polymer that is made up from 20 different monomers. Proteins are the primary component of numerous body tissues.
Function = Help build muscle mass!
Examples…

13. a. Amino Acids FUNCTION Building blocks of protein STRUCTURE
Contains Functional Groups – Carboxyl & Amino
GROUPS
--COOH & --NH2

17. b. Enzymes FUNCTION ROLE
Increase the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy (amount of energy needed to start a rxn)
ROLE
Act as Catalysts – speeds up chemical reactions without being consumed in rxn.

18. Organic compounds composed of C, H, and O.
3. LIPIDs!
Organic compounds composed of C, H, and O.
Function =
Build cell membranes!
Examples…

19. Building blocks of lipids Contains Functional Groups – Carboxyl
a. Fatty Acids
FUNCTION
Building blocks of lipids
STRUCTURE
Contains Functional Groups – Carboxyl
GROUPS
--COOH

21. Cholesterol, HGH, insulin, Vitamin D, etc.
b. Steroids
FUNCTION
Genetic regulators; control the rate of synthesis of a particular protein
STRUCTURE
Carbon skeleton consisting of rings with various functional groups attached
Examples
Cholesterol, HGH, insulin, Vitamin D, etc.

22. Store & transfer important information for the cell!
4. Nucleic Acids!
Large, complex organic molecules composed of 3 groups (Phosphate, sugar, and nitrogenous base) .
Function =
Store & transfer important information for the cell!
Examples…

24. Examples a. DNA Contains info essential for cell activities b. RNA
Stores and transfers info for making proteins