1. The Thirteen Colonies and the British Empire 1607-1750
If they desire that Piety and godliness should prosper…let them choose a country such as this is; which may yield sufficiency with hard labour and industry
The Thirteen Colonies
and the British Empire

2. The Chesapeake Colonies
Maryland:
Founded with the idea that it would be a haven for Catholics
Act of Toleration passed in 1649, only for Christians
A later protestant revolt resulted in the repeal of the Act.
Virginia:
Bacon’s Rebellion
Highlighted sharp differences between rich and poor
Also highlighted colonial resistance to royal control
Economic Problems
Low tobacco prices
Better economic times in England led to a decrease in available indentured servants
This leads to the growth of slavery

3. The New England Colonies
Rhode Island
Founded by Roger Williams as a haven for religious tolerance
Anne Hutchison also founded a colony in Rhode Island that espoused antinomianism, the belief that faith alone is enough for salvation
Connecticut
The first constitution in America was drawn up by those in Conn.
The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut established a representative gov.
It’s royal charter allowed them the freedom to choose their own governor

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5. The New England Colonies
The Halfway Covenant:
The weakening of Puritan control led them to adopt the Halfway Covenant
People could become members of the church w/o making a full declaration of their belief in Christ
This was generally adopted because of the lessening interest of the colonial-born population in religious matters
King Phillips’ War:
The New England Confederation fought a vicious war against, Metacom, who had united the tribes in and around New England
The colonists eventually prevailed and this was the last significant challenge posed by the N.A. in New England

6. Mercantilism: The economic system of the colonial period
The colonies provided raw materials for British production
The British would manufacture goods and send them back to the colonies and around the world
This system allowed the British to accumulate vast wealth
The Acts of Trade and Navigation
Colonial ships could only trade with the British
All imports into colonial America had to travel through British ports
Certain goods could be exported to England ONLY

7. Mercantilism: Positives: NE shipbuilding Tobacco monopoly
English military protection
Negatives:
No manufacturing
Farmers receive low prices
High prices for manufactured goods
Salutary Neglect:
The British government was very lax in enforcing the Navigation Acts
This, along with the tacit British approval of colonial self-governance was known as salutary neglect

8. Triangular Trade
Triangular trade developed between England, Africa and the New World

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10. The American is a new man, who acts on new principles…
Colonial Society in the 18th Century

11. Immigration European: English German Scotch-Irish Africans:
Puritan: North
Anglican: South
German
Pennsylvania, largely
Scotch-Irish
Frontier portions
Africans:
Largest population of immigrants
90% lived in southern colonies
Africans made up 20% of colonial population

12. Colonial Social Structure
Some commonalities among all three:
Dominance of English Culture
Self-government
Religious toleration
No aristocracy
Social mobility-more in the North than in the south

13. Colonial Economies New England:
Largely dependent on shipbuilding and trade
Middle Colonies:
Farming and light industry (iron-making) dominated
Southern Colonies:
Cash crops for export dominate the economy, tobacco, rice, indigo

14. The Great Awakening
As colonial America developed, much of the original religious fervor had died
A movement swept across the colonies in the early 1700’s called the Great Awakening
It was a revival of the religious ideals that had been the foundation of America
It was led by “fire and brimstone” preachers like George Whitefield and Jonathon Edwards
Church services became more emotional and pastors actually lost control of some of their parishes as individuals become more apt to study the bible in their homes
Significantly, this was the first truly AMERICAN movement. It was not borrowed from Europe.