1. Native Americans, Colonization, and the Atlantic World
Unit 1:
Native Americans, Colonization, and the Atlantic World

2. Native Americans
Each group is to put together a brief PowerPoint presentation on the Native American tribe they researched over the summer. The presentation must include the geography and location, culture and religion, political structure, social structure, and the economy. Where necessary, maps and visuals should be included in the presentation.

3. Generalizations and Evidence about Native Americans prior to 1607

4. Causes for European Colonization
Spain, France, Britain, and the Netherlands all sought to colonize the Americas in the 16th and 17th centuries. Although each country’s motives varied depending on their situation, in general, God, Gold, and Glory played a role in each.
God: Missionary work, Religious freedom, Utopian societies
Gold: Mineral and Natural Resources, Mercantilism, employment
Glory: Nationalism, Wealth and Power, Political Stability, European Rivalries

5. First Impressions of Native Americans
Share the SOAPSTone for each document with the group and then answer the following questions:
1. Compare and Contrast the reactions of the Spanish, French, and British to the Native Americans they confronted.
2. Anticipate how these reactions will affect the development of colonies.

6. Colonial Empires Spanish - South America, Florida, Southwest
First Wave – Conquistadors – Gold and Silver
Second Wave – Mercantilism, Agriculture and Raw Materials, Enconmiendas and Missions, African Slaves, Intermarriage and Social Structure
French – Canada, Mississippi Valley, New Orleans
Jesuit Missionaries and Fur Traders, trade alliances and intermarriages, series of forts and trading posts
British – Atlantic Coast from Georgia to Maine
Permanent populated communities, Agriculture/Merchants, Indentured Servants, African Slaves

7. The Atlantic World
European colonization created great changes in both the old world and the new world. As the economy and the politics of both changed a new Atlantic world emerged. Using part II of your summer assignment and your textbook readings, complete the following:
1. Columbian Exchange Map – Identify what things were transported between Europe, Africa, and the New World. Summarize the impact the exchange had on each region.
2. Answer the following questions regarding the relationship between the Native American tribe you researched and the Europeans.
a. Which European colonizers did the tribe come in contact with?
b. What goods, knowledge, etc. were exchanged between the groups? How did this impact each?
c. How did the Europeans handle their contact with the Natives? How did the Natives attempt to maintain their independence and culture?

8. Impact on Europe:
Impact on The Americas:
Impact on Africa:

9. European Native Relationships
Spanish French British

10. Southern Colonies
Jamestown (VA) – 1607, Maryland – 1634, Carolinas – 1670, Georgia – 1732
Jamestown - Joint Stock Company – Starving Time (1607 – 120/38, /60, 1617 – 2000/400, 1619 – 3500/700)
1612 – John Rolfe – Tobacco , Women – 1619 – 120 lbs of tobacco, Headright system – 50 acres of land – Indentured Servants
Virginia House of Burgesses, Royal
Southern Colonies
Proprietary (Religion and Legislatures) - Royal
Agrarian Economy – Tobacco - VA and MD
- Carolinas – Rice and Indigo, Headright system
- Labor – 1600s- Indentured Servants – 2/3 Population
- 1700s – replaced by slave labor
- Plantation Society - Cities and Towns – Charleston
Anglican Church (Catholics in MD)
Disease and Life Expectancy
Women and Families
Law and Order?, Military?, Education?

11. Slavery in Colonial America
1619 – 20 Christian Servants in VA, 1700 – 25,000, 1750 – 250,000
½ of pop in VA, 2:1 in SC, ¾ slaves lived on plantations with more than 10 slaves
Causes for the shift in labor force:
Geography: Cash Crops, Carolinas and Rice, Tobacco, Availability of Land
Availability of indentured servants vs. Slaves – conditions for indentured servants (Carolinas), conditions in Europe, breaking of Royal African Trading Company monopoly
Social Unrest: Indentured Servants and western lands, Bacon’s Rebellion
Conditions for slaves:
Reaction to slavery:

12. Evaluate the extent to which trans-Atlantic interactions from 1600 to 1763 contributed to maintaining continuity as well as fostering change in labor systems in the British North American colonies.

13. New England Colonies
Plymouth – 1620, Massachusetts Bay – 1629, Rhode Island , Connecticut – (Hartford- 1635, New Haven-1639) , New Hampshire – 1679
All founded by Puritans for religious reasons
– Plymouth – separatists, William Bradford -‘advancement of the Christian faith’
- MA – non-separatists - John Winthrop – ‘City upon a hill’
- CT- Thomas Hooker, RI – Roger Williams, NH – followers of Anne Hutchinson
Puritan Faith – Visible Saints (Elect) – Predestination - Congregational Church
- Pious –thrift and hard work, moral life
- Education – Harvard and Yale
Government – Charter Colonies - Self-Government
- Plymouth – Mayflower Compact – ‘civil body politic’ – William Bradford
- Massachusetts – town covenants – ‘commit to unity and harmony’
- CT – Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
- Theocracy – Blue Laws, Taxes, Church Membership - lack of tolerance
Economy – Geography
- Fishing, Lumber, Furs, Shipbuilding, Ironworks, Merchants
- Towns and Cities – Centers of Barter and Trade
- Slavery = <5%
Family Life – Male: Female, Life Expectancy
- Patriarchal Society - Primogeniture

15. Compare the ways in which two of the following reflected tensions in colonial society. Bacon’s Rebellion Pueblo Revolt Salem Witch Trials Stono Rebellion