1. by: Roxan A. Consolacion
Module 2 – Dale’s Cone of Experience, Pie Graph on Senses and Perception, Barriers to Communication, Instructional Media in the Classroom
by:
Roxan A. Consolacion

2. Objectives: Label Edgar Dale’s “Cone of Experience” .
Describe the Pie graph on senses and perception and its implication in the learning process.
Enumerate barriers to communication.
Identify advantages and disadvantages of instructional media in the classroom.

3. The Cone of Experience
The cone of experience is a pictorial device use to explain the interrelationships of the various types of audio-visual media, as well as their individual “positions” in the learning process.
The cone's utility in selecting instructional resources and activities is as practical today as when Dale created it.

7. Pie Graph on Senses and Perception
11%
83%
1.5%
3.5%
Sight
Sound
Smell
Touch
Taste

8. Retention Rate Levels
involve in various learning activities. Researchers found out that the most effective approaches – resulting in 75% and 90% retention rates, respectively – are learning by doing and learning by teaching others (Danielson, 2002 as cited by Corpuz and Salandanan, 2007).

9. Reading
Hearing
Seeing
Hearing and
Hearing Saying
Doing
Saying

10. Barriers to Communication
1. Physical Barriers
time
Environment
2. Perceptual
- viewing what is said from your own mindset

11. 3. Cultural
different model/image of the world and its relations
different values and their hierarchy
different social norms, rules and rituals formal and informal that affect behavior and regulate an entire system of interaction

12. 4. Linguistic
- don't speak the same language, speaks on different level or use different vocabulary, which means that symbols (words) used to pass information and their arrangement may have no meaning or different meaning

13. 5. Social
- represent different social groups which may differ their:
- general behavior as effect of different social norms, rules and customs, standards, beliefs and priorities
- background and education
- use of language and level of its knowledge

14. 6. Individual / Personal - physical and mental abilities - preferences
- values and their hierarchy
- different model/image of the world
- general behavior and emotional states
- background and education
- different use of language and the level of its knowledge

15. - different communication skills, which can be divided as follows:
Knowledge of:
interlocutor
purpose
topic

16. abilities to:
anticipate objections
achieve credibility
give full attention, give and get feedback
follow through what was said
communicate a little at a time
use multiple communication techniques
present information in several ways
detect emotional states
understand possible differences in perception

17. - abilities to avoid:
muddled messages
stereotyping
wrong sub-channel
wrong language
other attitudes:
making eye-contact
giving prompts, i.e. nodding, smiling, etc.

18. 7. Gender Barriers
- differences between the speech
patterns of males and females
female – speaks between
22,000 & 25,000 words/day
male – speaks between
7,000 & 10,000 words/day