1. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 ESTIME project --- Elaboration of country leaflets Françoise Laville, Jean Thèves Observatory of Science and Technology (OST), Paris, France

2. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 Presentation byOST Presentation by OST Methodology used by OST Production of leaflet – model Needs and further work

3. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 Presentation by OST ESTIME : project devoted to analysis and evaluation of the R&DI system of partner countries OST work : production of indicators on the R&DI system based on OST database

4. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 ESTIME general context (1) Evaluating the R&DI system of the countries based on:  Macro-analysis based on OST indicators  Country surveys done by ESTIME researchers ;  Exploitation of local data/information sources ;  Strategic country reports

5. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 ESTIME general context (2) Macro-analysis done by OST :  Country report based on indicators calculated with OST database;  Integrating country local data to produce more complete « leaflets »;  Contribution to the strategic country report

6. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 Description of a « leaflet » Country report based on quantitative indicators for :  In first approach 8 countries of the 12 involved in the project  Context countries chosen by ESTIME members Describing the National RDI system in order to get better visibility of the Mediterrean Country Partners

7. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 General plan of a leaflet (1) General data on the country studied « Input » indicators: Funding and expenditures for R&D (GERD) R&D personnel and researchers « Output » indicators based on: Scientific publications and co-publications Citations (visibility of the publications) Patents (technology)

8. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 General plan of a leaflet (2) Student mobility Number of students of the country enrolled in higher education in other countries (EU25, USA…) European Framework program participations Participations in FP 4 and FP 5 Co-participations of the country with EU25 countries

9. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 Methodological aspects : publications (1/4) Database : SCI expanded (from ISI-Thomson Scientific) Set of a few thousand internationally recognised journals (extended version) (without SHS) ISI specialities = set of journals OST disciplines = group of ISI specialities OST sub-disciplines = group of ISI specialities based on citation network Limitations of the source No data for Palestinian Authorities Only country level for MPC (no lab address ) No SHS indicators No local journals

10. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 Methodological aspects : type of counting (2/4) contribution additionnal « Fractionnal » counting : contribution of a country to an article: additionnal participation not additionnal « Distinct integer » counting : participation of a country to an article if in the publication: not additionnal

11. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 Methodological aspects : Leaflet indicators (3/4) Indicators used in the leaflets : World share of publications: Country total publications / world total Specialisation index: For one country : discipline world share / all disciplines world share Internationalisation of publications: For one country : International co-publications / total publications List of partnerships Visibility indicators: Citation ; impact; etc…

12. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 Methodological aspects : visibility indicators (4/4) Calculation of articles’ citations in a 2 years window  For each article, within 2 years following publication, count of number of times the article was cited.  Citation world shares : Country total citations / world total citations  Impact index  Ratio on citation number to publication number in one discipline and/or country. An impact index is bigger than 1 if in the discipline considered, there are more citations than articles.

13. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 Methodological aspects : students Foreign students in Higher Education Use of OECD database Data based on national reports from countries ; no systematic report National reports on enrolled foreign students For the leaflets: Tertiary education corresponds to ISCED 5 + ISCED 6 awarded No data on degrees awarded for foreign students

14. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 Methodological aspects: participations in FP Number of participations in EU framework program (FP4 and FP5): Use of CORDIS database Indicators on co-participation in projects No data on FP6 at that time in the OST database…

15. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 Need of more data for input indicators Data too old (1996 or 1997) or missing Input indicators General characteristics on country (GDP, labor force..) Data on R&D : funding sources, sectors of expenditures Data on human resources (researchers or/and R&D personnel)

16. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 Need of more data for ouput indicators For most of the studied countries no data in international patent databases (EPO, WIPO..) Technological production of these countries based on local patenting

17. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 Data used in a leaflet: Algeria, Tunisia

18. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 Input indicators: Tunisia: GERD/GDP

19. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 Input indicators: Tunisia: GERD/GDP

20. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 Organisation chart of Algeria

21. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 Science indicators : world shares of publications for Algeria and context contries

22. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 World shares of scientific publications for Algeria (1993, 1997, 2001)

23. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 Repartition (%) of scientific publications for Algeria for 8 disciplines and evolution (1993, 1997, 2001)

24. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 Science indicators : world specialisation index of publications for Algeria (1993, 2001)

25. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 Science indicators : impact index of publications for Algeria (and context countries)

26. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 Cordis (EU) indicators : participations in 5th FP

27. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 OECD indicators : Algerian students abroad

28. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 OECD indicators : Algerian students abroad

29. ESTIME – Amman - April 2005 Summary of OST’s needs