1. Chapter Three Ethical Public Speaking

2. Chapter Three Table of Contents zEthical Speaking and Responsibility zValues: The Foundation of Ethical Speaking zGround Rules for Ethical Speaking zPlagiarism*

3. Ethical Speaking and Responsibility zEthics: yThe study of moral conduct, or how people should act toward one another yIn public speaking, the responsibilities speakers have toward their audience and themselves*

4. Ethical Speaking and Responsibility zEthics, Ethos, and Speaker Credibility zFree Speech and the Speaker’s Responsibility*

5. Ethical Speaking and Responsibility: Ethics, Ethos, and Speaker Credibility zEthos yA Greek word meaning character, from which the modern word ethics is derived z Positive Ethos yCompetence yGood moral character yGoodwill*

6. Ethical Speaking and Responsibility: Ethics, Ethos, and Speaker Credibility zSpeaker credibility yThe believability of speakers, based on their grasp of the subject, display of sound reasoning skills, degree of honesty, and genuine interest in the welfare of their listeners*

7. Ethical Speaking and Responsibility: Free Speech and the Speaker’s Responsibility zThe First Amendment guarantees freedom of speech. zThe Fourteenth Amendment guarantees equal protection under the law, including freedom from discrimination. zFinding a balance between the right of free expression and the right to freedom from discrimination can be a challenge when giving a speech.*

8. Ethical Speaking and Responsibility: Free Speech and the Speaker’s Responsibility zCurrently, free speech, or the right to be free from unreasonable constraints on expression, is nearly always protected— even when the targets of that speech claim that it infringes upon the Fourteenth Amendment.*

9. Values: The Foundation of Ethical Speaking zValues: yPeople’s most enduring judgments or standards of what’s good, bad, and important; they form the basis on which people judge the actions of others zValues are culturally determined and transmitted through key social institutions such as the family, schools, and religious organizations.*

10. Values: The Foundation of Ethical Speaking zValue Conflicts and Ethical Dilemmas zRecognizing and Respecting Listener’s Values*

11. Values: The Foundation of Ethical Speaking: Value Conflicts and Ethical Dilemmas zConflicting values lie at the heart of ethical dilemmas. yThe more diverse the society, the greater these clashes tend to be. zRecognizing audience values is very important for a speaker.*

12. Values: The Foundation of Ethical Speaking: Recognizing and Respecting Listeners’ Values zSuccessful speeches appeal to listeners’ values, while speeches that ignore this crucial component of audience analysis often fail miserably. yTry to identify your listeners’ values, attitudes, and beliefs as they relate to the topic, the speaker, and the occasion.*

13. Values: The Foundation of Ethical Speaking: Respecting Listeners’ Values z Identifying values yUse surveys and interviews yConduct a values assessment, using Milton Rokeach’s model z Terminal values yDesirable in themselves z Instrumental values yCharacteristics people possess.*

14. Ground Rules for Ethical Speaking zDignity yFeeling worthy, honored, or respected zIntegrity yIncorruptibility zDignity and integrity should infuse every aspect of a speech.*

15. Ground Rules for Ethical Speaking zTrustworthiness zRespect zResponsibility zFairness*

16. Ground Rules For Ethical Speaking: Trustworthiness zTrustworthiness yA combination of honesty and dependability xReveal your true purpose. xAvoid misleading, deceptive, or false information. xAcknowledge sources.*

17. Ground Rules For Ethical Speaking: Respect zRespect yAddressing audience members as unique human beings zA respectful public speaker: yFocuses on issues rather than personalities. yAllows the audience the power of rational choice. yAvoids in-group and out-group distinctions.*

18. Ground Rules For Ethical Speaking: Respect zJargon ySpecialized terminology zEthnocentrism yThe belief that the ways of one’s own culture are superior to those of other cultures*

19. Ground Rules For Ethical Speaking: Respect zStereotypes yGeneralizations about an apparent characteristic of a group that are applied to all its members zHate Speech yOffensive communication directed against people’s racial, ethnic, religious, gender, sexual, or other characteristics*

20. Ground Rules For Ethical Speaking: Responsibility zThe responsible speaker considers the following: yTopic and purpose yEvidence and reasoning yAccuracy yHonest use of emotional appeals*

21. Ground Rules For Ethical Speaking: Fairness zFairness yA genuine and open-minded attempt to see all sides of an issue*

22. Plagiarism zPlagiarism yThe use of other people’s ideas or words without acknowledging the source zAny source that requires credit in written form should be acknowledged in oral form.*

23. Plagiarism zDirect Quotations zParaphrased Information*

24. Plagiarism: Direct Quotations zDirect quotations yStatements made verbatim (word for word) by someone else*

25. Plagiarism: Paraphrased Information zParaphrase yA restatement of someone else’s statements, ideas, or written work in the speaker’s own words*

26. Plagiarism: Paraphrased Information zAny data other than that gathered by you should be cited.*