1. FC37 THE RISE OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH (c.30-330 C.E.) Christ’s appealing message of love, salvation, & forgiveness

2. FC37 THE RISE OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH (c.30-330 C.E.) Christ’s appealing message of love, salvation, & forgiveness St. Paul spreads Christianity to Gentiles (non-Jews)

3. FC37 THE RISE OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH (c.30-330 C.E.) Christ’s appealing message of love, salvation, & forgiveness St. Paul spreads Christianity to Gentiles (non-Jews) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33)

4. FC37 THE RISE OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH (c.30-330 C.E.) Christ’s appealing message of love, salvation, & forgiveness St. Paul spreads Christianity to Gentiles (non-Jews) Christianity spreads slowly during Pax Romana Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33)

5. FC37 THE RISE OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH (c.30-330 C.E.) Christ’s appealing message of love, salvation, & forgiveness St. Paul spreads Christianity to Gentiles (non-Jews) Christianity spreads slowly during Pax Romana Only mild & sporadic persecution of Chr’s during Pax Romana since they will not worship state gods  Seen as treason Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33)

6. FC37 THE RISE OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH (c.30-330 C.E.) Christ’s appealing message of love, salvation, & forgiveness St. Paul spreads Christianity to Gentiles (non-Jews) Christianity spreads slowly during Pax Romana Only mild & sporadic persecution of Chr’s during Pax Romana since they will not worship state gods  Seen as treason Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34)

7. FC37 THE RISE OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH (c.30-330 C.E.) Christ’s appealing message of love, salvation, & forgiveness St. Paul spreads Christianity to Gentiles (non-Jews) Christianity spreads slowly during Pax Romana Only mild & sporadic persecution of Chr’s during Pax Romana since they will not worship state gods  Seen as treason People question pagan gods that seem to have abandoned them Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34)

8. FC37 THE RISE OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH (c.30-330 C.E.) Christ’s appealing message of love, salvation, & forgiveness St. Paul spreads Christianity to Gentiles (non-Jews) Christianity spreads slowly during Pax Romana Only mild & sporadic persecution of Chr’s during Pax Romana since they will not worship state gods  Seen as treason People question pagan gods that seem to have abandoned them Turn to more emotionally satisfying salvation religions, including Chr., Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34)

9. FC37 THE RISE OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH (c.30-330 C.E.) Christ’s appealing message of love, salvation, & forgiveness St. Paul spreads Christianity to Gentiles (non-Jews) Christianity spreads slowly during Pax Romana Only mild & sporadic persecution of Chr’s during Pax Romana since they will not worship state gods  Seen as treason People question pagan gods that seem to have abandoned them Turn to more emotionally satisfying salvation religions, including Chr., Pagans blame anarchy on Chr’s for abandoning state gods Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34)

10. FC37 THE RISE OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH (c.30-330 C.E.) Christ’s appealing message of love, salvation, & forgiveness St. Paul spreads Christianity to Gentiles (non-Jews) Christianity spreads slowly during Pax Romana Only mild & sporadic persecution of Chr’s during Pax Romana since they will not worship state gods  Seen as treason People question pagan gods that seem to have abandoned them Turn to more emotionally satisfying salvation religions, including Chr., Pagans blame anarchy on Chr’s for abandoning state gods Intense persecutions (c.250-305)  Publicity & popularity Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34)

11. FC37 THE RISE OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH (c.30-330 C.E.) Christ’s appealing message of love, salvation, & forgiveness St. Paul spreads Christianity to Gentiles (non-Jews) Christianity spreads slowly during Pax Romana Only mild & sporadic persecution of Chr’s during Pax Romana since they will not worship state gods  Seen as treason People question pagan gods that seem to have abandoned them Turn to more emotionally satisfying salvation religions, including Chr., Pagans blame anarchy on Chr’s for abandoning state gods Intense persecutions (c.250-305)  Publicity & popularity Constantine legalizes & actively supports Christianity (312) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34)

12. FC37 THE RISE OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH (c.30-330 C.E.) Christianity becomes the dominant religion in the Empire because: Chr. excluded idea that other relig’s could  Salvation Organiz. parallel to Emp’s: archbishops in provincial Capitals & bishops in cities Christians went out & actively sought converts Christ’s appealing message of love, salvation, & forgiveness St. Paul spreads Christianity to Gentiles (non-Jews) Christianity spreads slowly during Pax Romana Only mild & sporadic persecution of Chr’s during Pax Romana since they will not worship state gods  Seen as treason Growing state support after 312  Shut down all pagan temples in 382 People question pagan gods that seem to have abandoned them Turn to more emotionally satisfying salvation religions, including Chr., Pagans blame anarchy on Chr’s for abandoning state gods Intense persecutions (c.250-305)  Publicity & popularity Constantine legalizes & actively supports Christianity (312) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34)

13. FC37 THE RISE OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH (c.30-330 C.E.) Christianity becomes the dominant religion in the Empire because: Chr. excluded idea that other relig’s could  Salvation Organiz. parallel to Emp’s: archbishops in provincial Capitals & bishops in cities Christians went out & actively sought converts Christ’s appealing message of love, salvation, & forgiveness St. Paul spreads Christianity to Gentiles (non-Jews) Christianity spreads slowly during Pax Romana Only mild & sporadic persecution of Chr’s during Pax Romana since they will not worship state gods  Seen as treason Growing state support after 312  Shut down all pagan temples in 382 People question pagan gods that seem to have abandoned them Turn to more emotionally satisfying salvation religions, including Chr., Pagans blame anarchy on Chr’s for abandoning state gods Intense persecutions (c.250-305)  Publicity & popularity Constantine legalizes & actively supports Christianity (312) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34)

14. FC37 THE RISE OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH (c.30-330 C.E.) Christianity becomes the dominant religion in the Empire because: Chr. excluded idea that other relig’s could  Salvation Organiz. parallel to Emp’s: archbishops in provincial Capitals & bishops in cities Christians went out & actively sought converts Christ’s appealing message of love, salvation, & forgiveness St. Paul spreads Christianity to Gentiles (non-Jews) Christianity spreads slowly during Pax Romana Only mild & sporadic persecution of Chr’s during Pax Romana since they will not worship state gods  Seen as treason Growing state support after 312  Shut down all pagan temples in 382 People question pagan gods that seem to have abandoned them Turn to more emotionally satisfying salvation religions, including Chr., Pagans blame anarchy on Chr’s for abandoning state gods Intense persecutions (c.250-305)  Publicity & popularity Constantine legalizes & actively supports Christianity (312) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34)

15. FC37 THE RISE OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH (c.30-330 C.E.) Christianity becomes the dominant religion in the Empire because: Chr. excluded idea that other relig’s could  Salvation Organiz. parallel to Emp’s: archbishops in provincial Capitals & bishops in cities Christians went out & actively sought converts Christ’s appealing message of love, salvation, & forgiveness St. Paul spreads Christianity to Gentiles (non-Jews) Christianity spreads slowly during Pax Romana Only mild & sporadic persecution of Chr’s during Pax Romana since they will not worship state gods  Seen as treason Growing state support after 312  Shut down all pagan temples in 382 People question pagan gods that seem to have abandoned them Turn to more emotionally satisfying salvation religions, including Chr., Pagans blame anarchy on Chr’s for abandoning state gods Intense persecutions (c.250-305)  Publicity & popularity Constantine legalizes & actively supports Christianity (312) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34)

16. FC37 THE RISE OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH (c.30-330 C.E.) Christianity becomes the dominant religion in the Empire because: Chr. excluded idea that other relig’s could  Salvation Organiz. parallel to Emp’s: archbishops in provincial Capitals & bishops in cities Christians went out & actively sought converts Christ’s appealing message of love, salvation, & forgiveness St. Paul spreads Christianity to Gentiles (non-Jews) Christianity spreads slowly during Pax Romana Only mild & sporadic persecution of Chr’s during Pax Romana since they will not worship state gods  Seen as treason Growing state support after 312  Shut down all pagan temples in 382 People question pagan gods that seem to have abandoned them Turn to more emotionally satisfying salvation religions, including Chr., Pagans blame anarchy on Chr’s for abandoning state gods Intense persecutions (c.250-305)  Publicity & popularity Constantine legalizes & actively supports Christianity (312) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34)

17. FC37 THE RISE OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH (c.30-330 C.E.) Christianity becomes the dominant religion in the Empire because: Chr. excluded idea that other relig’s could  Salvation Organiz. parallel to Emp’s: archbishops in provincial Capitals & bishops in cities Christians went out & actively sought converts Christ’s appealing message of love, salvation, & forgiveness St. Paul spreads Christianity to Gentiles (non-Jews) Christianity spreads slowly during Pax Romana Only mild & sporadic persecution of Chr’s during Pax Romana since they will not worship state gods  Seen as treason Growing state support after 312  Shut down all pagan temples in 382 Rome becomes the most influential of the Emp’s 5 patriarchates because: Pope was only patriarch in W. Emp.  No compet. It had the prestige of being the capital of the Empire St. Peter founded his congregation there After 600, no secular rulers to interfere with popes People question pagan gods that seem to have abandoned them Turn to more emotionally satisfying salvation religions, including Chr., Pagans blame anarchy on Chr’s for abandoning state gods Intense persecutions (c.250-305)  Publicity & popularity Constantine legalizes & actively supports Christianity (312) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34)

18. FC37 THE RISE OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH (c.30-330 C.E.) Christianity becomes the dominant religion in the Empire because: Chr. excluded idea that other relig’s could  Salvation Organiz. parallel to Emp’s: archbishops in provincial Capitals & bishops in cities Christians went out & actively sought converts Christ’s appealing message of love, salvation, & forgiveness St. Paul spreads Christianity to Gentiles (non-Jews) Christianity spreads slowly during Pax Romana Only mild & sporadic persecution of Chr’s during Pax Romana since they will not worship state gods  Seen as treason Growing state support after 312  Shut down all pagan temples in 382 Rome becomes the most influential of the Emp’s 5 patriarchates because: Pope was only patriarch in W. Emp.  No compet. It had the prestige of being the capital of the Empire St. Peter founded his congregation there After 600, no secular rulers to interfere with popes People question pagan gods that seem to have abandoned them Turn to more emotionally satisfying salvation religions, including Chr., Pagans blame anarchy on Chr’s for abandoning state gods Intense persecutions (c.250-305)  Publicity & popularity Constantine legalizes & actively supports Christianity (312) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34)

19. FC37 THE RISE OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH (c.30-330 C.E.) Christianity becomes the dominant religion in the Empire because: Chr. excluded idea that other relig’s could  Salvation Organiz. parallel to Emp’s: archbishops in provincial Capitals & bishops in cities Christians went out & actively sought converts Christ’s appealing message of love, salvation, & forgiveness St. Paul spreads Christianity to Gentiles (non-Jews) Christianity spreads slowly during Pax Romana Only mild & sporadic persecution of Chr’s during Pax Romana since they will not worship state gods  Seen as treason Growing state support after 312  Shut down all pagan temples in 382 Rome becomes the most influential of the Emp’s 5 patriarchates because: Pope was only patriarch in W. Emp.  No compet. It had the prestige of being the capital of the Empire St. Peter founded his congregation there After 600, no secular rulers to interfere with popes People question pagan gods that seem to have abandoned them Turn to more emotionally satisfying salvation religions, including Chr., Pagans blame anarchy on Chr’s for abandoning state gods Intense persecutions (c.250-305)  Publicity & popularity Constantine legalizes & actively supports Christianity (312) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34)

20. FC37 THE RISE OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH (c.30-330 C.E.) Christianity becomes the dominant religion in the Empire because: Chr. excluded idea that other relig’s could  Salvation Organiz. parallel to Emp’s: archbishops in provincial Capitals & bishops in cities Christians went out & actively sought converts Christ’s appealing message of love, salvation, & forgiveness St. Paul spreads Christianity to Gentiles (non-Jews) Christianity spreads slowly during Pax Romana Only mild & sporadic persecution of Chr’s during Pax Romana since they will not worship state gods  Seen as treason Growing state support after 312  Shut down all pagan temples in 382 Rome becomes the most influential of the Emp’s 5 patriarchates because: Pope was only patriarch in W. Emp.  No compet. It had the prestige of being the capital of the Empire St. Peter founded his congregation there After 600, no secular rulers to interfere with popes People question pagan gods that seem to have abandoned them Turn to more emotionally satisfying salvation religions, including Chr., Pagans blame anarchy on Chr’s for abandoning state gods Intense persecutions (c.250-305)  Publicity & popularity Constantine legalizes & actively supports Christianity (312) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34)

21. FC37 THE RISE OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH (c.30-330 C.E.) Christianity becomes the dominant religion in the Empire because: Chr. excluded idea that other relig’s could  Salvation Organiz. parallel to Emp’s: archbishops in provincial Capitals & bishops in cities Christians went out & actively sought converts Christ’s appealing message of love, salvation, & forgiveness St. Paul spreads Christianity to Gentiles (non-Jews) Christianity spreads slowly during Pax Romana Only mild & sporadic persecution of Chr’s during Pax Romana since they will not worship state gods  Seen as treason Growing state support after 312  Shut down all pagan temples in 382 Rome becomes the most influential of the Emp’s 5 patriarchates because: Pope was only patriarch in W. Emp.  No compet. It had the prestige of being the capital of the Empire St. Peter founded his congregation there After 600, no secular rulers to interfere with popes People question pagan gods that seem to have abandoned them Turn to more emotionally satisfying salvation religions, including Chr., Pagans blame anarchy on Chr’s for abandoning state gods Intense persecutions (c.250-305)  Publicity & popularity Constantine legalizes & actively supports Christianity (312) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34)

22. FC37 THE RISE OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH (c.30-330 C.E.) Rise of an independent medieval papacy in High Middle Ages (FC.66) Christianity becomes the dominant religion in the Empire because: Chr. excluded idea that other relig’s could  Salvation Organiz. parallel to Emp’s: archbishops in provincial Capitals & bishops in cities Christians went out & actively sought converts Christ’s appealing message of love, salvation, & forgiveness St. Paul spreads Christianity to Gentiles (non-Jews) Christianity spreads slowly during Pax Romana Only mild & sporadic persecution of Chr’s during Pax Romana since they will not worship state gods  Seen as treason Growing state support after 312  Shut down all pagan temples in 382 Rome becomes the most influential of the Emp’s 5 patriarchates because: Pope was only patriarch in W. Emp.  No compet. It had the prestige of being the capital of the Empire St. Peter founded his congregation there After 600, no secular rulers to interfere with popes People question pagan gods that seem to have abandoned them Turn to more emotionally satisfying salvation religions, including Chr., Pagans blame anarchy on Chr’s for abandoning state gods Intense persecutions (c.250-305)  Publicity & popularity Constantine legalizes & actively supports Christianity (312) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) Pax Romana  People feel safe & secure (FC. 33) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34) 3rd cent. anarchy (FC. 34)

23. FC38 THE IMPACT OF CHRISTIANITY’S TRIUMPH (c.330-500) Rapid spread of Arab Muslims in 600s (FC.46) More pagan intellectuals convert to Christianity & graft different pagan (esp. Greek) Philosophies onto it Decentralized Church with a bishop in each city Isolated congregations  Different ideas on nature of Christ’s divinity & humanity evolve Christianity becomes state religion by 400 Many people join for less than spiritual reasons (e.g. to gain favor at imperial court Heavy persecution of the Church (FC.37) Rome persecutes or exiles heretics to avoid divine wrath & civil turmoil  Bad results: Exiled Arians convert Germanic tribes who later conquer & persecute Roman subjects Heresies & rifts in Church as these different ideas surface when Christianity is legalized Monophysite heretics in Syria, Egypt, & Palestine willing to welcome more tolerant invaders Revive Roman Civ. during Renaissance (FC.76) Benedictine monasteries’ moderate rule preserves & spreads Roman Civ. in 2 ways: Missionary & charitable work to convert Ger. tribes & found monasteries among them Many devout Christians become hermits  Followers  Organize into monasteries Intellectuals flee to monasteries & copy books  Preserves Roman civ. during Middle Ages