1. Explaining the meaning of new words Basic rules and tips for teachers

2. Outline Basic Rules Ways to present vocabulary Basic Rules. Using Context Grammar tricks What a student may need to know about an item

3. Basic rules The second language (L2) mental lexicon must be independent of its first language (L1) counterpart: – learners do not access their L2 lexicon by means of translating and so can save processing time while improving their fluency and – L1 does not interfere and so the target language produced is more native-like.

4. Basic rules Fixed expressions or sentence frames, which is impossible to acquire on productive level These items cannot be efficiently accessed through the process of translating from L1 to L2. True also for some collocations or discourse markers.

5. Ways to present vocabulary Ways to present vocabulary Illustration Mime Synonyms/Antonyms/Gradable items Definition Translation Context

6. Basic rules. Using Context. Use context to explain the meaning. Give students plenty of time to study the word in the contexts. Discuss the meaning in plenary. Provide a phonological model. Provide a prompt - to elicit use of the word in a natural way. Set up a simulation, providing students with the chance to say the word in a natural situation.

7. Grammar tricks The ability to grow Borrowing Affixation Coinage Onomatopoeia and reduplicatives Acronyms Clipping Blending

8. What a student may need to know about an item What it means The form How it is pronounced How it is spelt If it follows any unpredictable grammatical patterns The connotations that the item may have The situations when the word is or is not used How the word is related to others Collocation or the way that words occur together What the affixes (the prefixes and suffixes) may indicate about the meaning

9. References http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/articles/se ven-steps-vocabulary-learning http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/articles/se ven-steps-vocabulary-learning http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/articles/co ntext-developing-activities http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/articles/co ntext-developing-activities

10. Thank you for your attention!