1. Internal Conflict in Sub- Saharan Africa Wesley Fan Reece Morgan Katheryn Shi Nicholas Van Bemmelen

2. Map of Conflicts

3. Central African Republic 1996-present Cause: general civil unrest and poor government management 3 army mutinies since 1996, economic crisis causes public dissatisfaction and violent protest Methods: mutiny, violence, protesting, marching demonstration at Bangui Goals: better government

4. Sierra Leone 1990-2002 Cause: attempted overthrow of governments by Revolutionary United Front (RUF) Most of RUF consists of kidnapped children Civil war in Liberia helped start actual fighting Methods: protest, fighting and massacres Goals: maintain control of diamond fields

5. Map of Conflicts

6. Ivory Coast 1999-present Cause: many changes in government and unfair elections that created unrest among supporters of different political parties Many presidential candidates held unfair elections, barring other candidates from running or claiming poll fraud when they did not win Methods: coups and fighting Goals: a fair presidential process

7. Sudan 1983-2005 Second Civil War - extension of first Cause: President Gaafar Nimeiri's decision to break the Addis Ababa Agreement by imposing Sharia instead of a democracy Fighting between Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) and the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) Methods: war Goals: abolish Islamic Law

8. Sudan Continued 2005 Darfur Conflict Cause: ethical conflicts in the region between Sudanese Arabs and blacks Started in western Sudan Sudanese government is aiding the Janjaweed - denies Multiple organizations rebelling against the Janjaweed, some have signed peace treaties, others continue to fight Methods: war crimes, rebellion attacks, unofficial genocide Goals: better quality of life for rebels

9. Map of Conflicts

10. Angola 1992-present Cause: UNITA charges that the MPLA party had committed electoral fraud Methods: sanctions by UN, fighting Goal: peace among the warring political parties of Angola

11. Senegal 1982-2004 Cause: disrespect for cultural norms, poor economy, unemployment, land rights Independence rebellion (MFDC) against central government in Dakar Methods: mines, massacres, torture Goals: independence from central government in Dakar

12. Map of Conflicts

13. Burundi 1970-1974 Cause: differences among the Hutu and Tutsi tribes Hutus launched a rebellion against the Tutsi minority’s domination of Burundi in 1972 - unsuccessful Methods: war and violence, massacre Goals: find peace among the tribes

14. Rwanda 1990-1994 Cause: Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) invades in attempt to overthrow Hutuled Rwandan government, peace until downing of presidential plane causes ethnic violence leading to massacre Methods: war and massacre, genocide Goal: to create a new coalition government