1. UNIT 8 STUDY GUIDE Day 1 STANDARD INDICATORS 8-5.1-4

2. Q: Which amendments did SC refuse to ratify? A: 14th & 15th Amendments Q: What did these two amendments guarantee? A: They guaranteed equal rights & the right to vote to African American men Q: What were the purposes of the Reconstruction plans of the Federal Government? A: To socially and politically rebuild the nation.

3. Q: South Carolina and the other southern states had serious economic problems after the war. Why didn’t the federal Reconstruction plans address these problems? A: It didn’t believe it was its responsibility to rebuild the South economically. So it did not rebuild towns, factories, farms, and transportation systems. Q: Whose responsibility did the government think it was to economically rebuild the South? A: Individual citizens and the state governments which did not have money.

4. Q: Describe Lincoln’s Plan of Reconstruction (called 10% Plan): A: Required 10% of population to take an oath of allegiance to the Union in order to reestablish state governments and send representatives to Congress. Also had to abolish slavery. Q: What were the purposes of Lincoln’s Plan? A: End the Civil War quickly A: Convince SC & other southern state to surrender A: To restore the southern states into full political union with the other states

5. Q: What happened to President Lincoln to prevent him from implementing his plan of Reconstruction? A: Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth. Q: Who became president after Lincoln was assassinated? A: His Vice President, Andrew Johnson. Q: What was President Johnson’s Presidential Reconstruction Plan? A: He continued Lincoln’s 10% Plan. Q: What additional purpose did President Johnson add to the plan? A: Humiliation of the southern elite

6. Q: What did he add to Lincoln’s Plan to achieve this purpose? A: Required that the elite had to individually request a pardon of the president and ratify the 13th amendment freeing the slaves Q: What were the purposes of the Congressional Plan of Reconstruction? A: Protection of the rights of the newly freed slaves A: Protection of the Republican’s political power

7. Q: Why did Congress think that a harsher or stricter Reconstruction plan was needed for the South and then change Reconstruction? A: SC and other southern states reconstructed themselves under Presidential Reconstruction. A: They took advantage of Congress not being in session. A: They established new state governments full of former Confederates A: Passed Black Codes that limited the rights of freedmen A: They sent former Confederates to Congress A: Increased violence against Freedmen A: President Johnson vetoed the Freedmen’s Bill and opposed the 14thAmendment

8. Q: What happened as a result of the actions of the southern states and President Johnson? A: To protect Freedmen’s rights Congress refused to admit the Southern Congressmen A: Radical Republican’s won a majority in the 1866 election A: The Radicals wrote their own plan of Reconstruction Q: What did the Radical Republican Plan include? A: Divided the South into 5 military districts under military occupation (SC was in the second military district) A: Each district had a military governor & military troops to enforce the plan A: Assure ratification of the 14th Amendment (citizenship for former slaves) 15th Amendment (suffrage for African American males)