1. Park Mains High School PHYSICAL EDUCATION
THE BODY:
OXYGEN TRANSPORT SYSTEM

2. Oxygen transport system
The main aim of the oxygen transport system is to help you exercise. As increase oxygen intake during exercise (by breathing in) you can participate and train in more demanding ways. The lungs, heart, blood and muscles all play an important part in the oxygen transport system.
The Respiratory and Circulatory systems work together to provide muscles with oxygen. This enables you to exercise.

3. The Respiratory System
Breath air in Oxygen enters the lungs
Oxygen absorbed into the blood
Blood pumped around the body
Oxygenated blood makes energy to help you exercise

4. The Respiratory System
As you exercise a waste product is produced known as:
CARBON DIOXIDE
This is returned to your lungs by your blood.
When you breath out the carbon dioxide leaves your body.

5. The Circulatory System
The heart (a muscular pump) is at the centre of the circulatory system. By contracting and relaxing the heart muscles can pump blood around the body.
Arteries carry blood away from the body to vital organs and limbs (oxygenated blood)
Veins return blood to the heart (deoxygenated blood)

6. The Circulatory System
The heart
The heart is a four-chambered muscular pump which pumps blood round the circulatory system. The right side of the heart pumps de-oxygenated blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen. The left side of the heart pumps the oxygenated blood from the lungs around the rest of the body. More pumping force is required for this much longer journey, which is why the left side of the heart has more muscular walls.
Oxygenated (red) blood returns to the heart from the lungs and leaves the left side of the heart to travel round the body. De-oxygenated (blue) blood returns to the heart and leaves the right side of the heart to go to the lungs to pick up oxygen. To get all the way round, blood has to go through the heart twice - which is why it's called a double circulation.

7. The Circulatory System

8. Oxygen debt During vigorous exercise the body needs a lot more energy.
It gets this by breathing in deeper and faster and rushing the oxygen to the muscles.
This extra oxygen is then used to release more energy, needed to meet the higher level of demand. Soon a point is reached when the body cannot breathe any faster or harder, and aerobic respiration alone cannot meet the enhanced energy demands.

9. Oxygen debt So how do muscle cells get the extra energy they need?
They get it by respiring anaerobically.
Anaerobic respiration produces lactic acid (waste product), which accumulates in the muscles and causes muscle fatigue and cramps.
Running the 1500 metres will build up an oxygen debt

10. Oxygen debt
This extra oxygen needed to neutralise the harmful effects of anaerobic respiration is called an oxygen debt.
In order to get the extra oxygen to 'pay back' the debt, the body continues to breathe deeply for some time after vigorous activity has ceased.
When all the lactic acid in the muscles is broken down the oxygen debt has been repaid and normal aerobic respiration resumes.

11. Benefits of Improving Oxygen Transport System
Regular exercise is very good for the heart and lungs: it increases the size of the heart.
The lower your heart rate the fitter you are.
After exercise the fitter you are the faster your pulse will return to normal.
You can measure your heart rate by checking your pulse in your neck or wrist.
A normal resting heartbeat is around 50 to 80 beats per minute.