1. Colonization Timeline Puzzle Pages _____ Directions: Use the clues to add dates to the puzzle cards. Cut and paste the cards on construction paper in relative, chronological order. 1.1531 A.D. Pizarro conquers the Incas. South America has even more gold than Mexico and it becomes Spain’s richest colony. Spain uses the Aztec and Inca riches to build ships and establish more colonies. Spain becomes the most powerful nation in Europe. 2.1587 A.D. Sir Walter Raleigh of England sends a group of colonists to North America. The settlers land on Roanoke Island near North Carolina. The colony vanishes leaving just one clue -- “CROATOAN” carved in a tree. The English nobility hesitate to invest further creating an opportunity for the merchant class to form joint-stock ventures. 3.1603 A.D. Champlain explores the St. Lawrence River and establishes Quebec giving the French a foothold to claim lands in the interior of North America. 4.1607 A.D. The British Virginia Company of London founds Jamestown, the first permanent British settlement in North America. After a disastrous start, John Rolfe develops tobacco as a cash crop. The need for labor will drive the growth of slavery. 5.1609 A.D. Henry Hudson claims land for the Netherlands in present day New York. They establish a settlement called New Amsterdam on the island of Manhattan. 6.1620 A.D. English Protestant Puritans called Pilgrims sail for the New World to set up a colony where they can freely practice their faith. They sign the Mayflower Compact before landing on Plymouth Rock. The Native Americans help the colonists survive and they have a harvest feast. Our Thanksgiving tradition is based on this event. 7.1630 A.D. The Great Migration of Protestant Puritans begins. John Winthrop requests a charter from King Charles I and the Massachusetts Bay Company is formed. Within 10 years, 16,000 British colonists sail for Massachusetts to create “a city on a hill.” 8.1635 A.D. Roger Williams objects to the strong control of the Puritan leaders and speaks out for the separation of church and state. He is banished from Massachusetts. He travels south, buys land from the Native Americans, and receives a charter for the colony of Rhode Island in 1644. The colony prospered by practicing religious tolerance which attracted a diverse group of immigrants. 9.1636 A.D. Thomas Hooker leads a group of Puritans to create the colony of Connecticut. Working with leaders in the area, they create the first written constitution (a plan for governing) called the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut. 10. 1642 - 1660 The English Civil War! King Charles I is beheaded. The colonists are left to govern themselves. When King Charles II takes over the throne, again, he sends his younger brother, James, Duke of York, to seize the Dutch Colony of New Amsterdam. He renames the colony, New York. 11. 1681 A.D. King Charles II repays a loan to the Penn family in the form of a large land grant in North America. William Penn establishes Pennsylvania (Penn’s woods). Penn is a Quaker who believes in religious freedom and popular support for government. He pays Native Americans for their land and immigrants flock to the colony. 12. 1732 A.D. James Oglethorpe creates the Georgia Colony to give debtors in debtor’s prison a second chance and create “buffer” between the profitable southern colonies and Spanish Florida. Date Oglethorpe Frees Debtors! Creates GA Colony Lost Colony of Roanoke Date Champlain Establishes Quebec for France Date Jamestown First Permanent English Colony Pizarro Conquers the Incas 16,000 Migrate to Mass. Bay Colony Williams in RI Separate Church and State! Hudson New Amsterdam Hooker in CT First Constitution Penn Establishes PA Colony English Civil War! Pilgrims Land on Plymouth Rock A Plan For CT Government

2. Pizarro Conquers the Incas Date Lost Colony of Roanoke

3. Jamestown First Permanent English Colony Date Champlain Establishes Quebec for France

4. Date Pilgrims Land on Plymouth Rock to Practice Their Faith Hudson Establishes New Amsterdam

5. Date 16,000 Migrate To Mass. Bay Colony to Create a “City on a Hill.” Williams in RI Separate Church and State!

6. Date Hooker in CT First Constitution Oglethorpe Frees Debtors! Creates GA Colony A Plan for CT Government “The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut”

7. Date Penn Establishes PA Colony English Civil War!