1. Bellwork What do you believe were the main economic activities of the New England Colonies?

2. New England: Commerce and Religion

3. Indicators How did the economies of the colonial regions differ and why did they differ? How did mercantilism the Navigation Acts effect the colonies and lead to increased global trading?

4. How Did Colonies Benefit England? Mercantilism (def.) Economic system in which colonies serve to benefit the Mother Country by providing them with raw materials and markets Raw materials are sent to the Mother Country who turns them into finished goods and sells them back to the colonies Trade between the colonies and other countries is restricted

5. Many settlers in the New England colonies – Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut, and Rhode Island – made a living from the sea. Many were subsistence farmers!

6. By the 1700s, the colonies formed three distinct regions: New England Middle & Southern Colonies The Backcountry ran along the Appalachian Mountains, the far western part of the other regions.

7. Territories in the Americas colonized or claimed by a European great power in 1750.

8. Factors such as: Geography Climate Resources People made each colonial region distinct.

9. The Middle Colonies: *Shorter Winters & Fertile Soil The region attracted immigrants from all over Europe. New England: *Long Winters & *Rocky Soil English settlers made up the largest group in this region’s population.

10. The Southern Colonies: *Warm Climate *Good Soil (Tidewater: flat, fertile soil along the Southern coastline) Some settlers used enslaved Africans to work their plantations.

11. The Backcountry: Climate and Resources Varied Many Scots-Irish immigrants settled there.

12. New England Middle Colonies Southern Colonies Backcountry

13. Most New England farmers lived near town and practiced subsistence farming, they produced just enough food for themselves, and sometimes a little extra for trading.

14. Coastal New England cities like Boston grew rich as a result of: shipbuilding, fishing, and trade.

15. New England settlers engaged in three types of trade: Trade with Other Colonies Direct Trade with Europe Triangular Trade

16. FOR UNDERSTANDING

17. 1. ______ like Boston, Salem, New Haven, and Newport grew rich as a result of______. a) Southern costal cities - shipbuilding, fishing, and trade b) Farming communities - slavery, tobacco, and rum c) Coastal New England cities - shipbuilding, fishing, and trade d) Coastal New England cities - slavery, tobacco, and triangular trade.

18. 2. Factors such as ______ made each colonial region distinct. a) geography, climate, resources, and people b) socioeconomic status and birthright c) socioeconomic status, religion, and country of origin d) climate, socioeconomic status, and occupation

19. 3. Most New England farmers lived near town and practiced______. a) subsistence farming b) fishing c) slave trading d) manufacturing

20. 4. New England settlers engaged in all of these types of trade except: a) trade with other colonies b) silk road trade c) direct trade with Europe d) triangular trade

21. 5. Which distinct East Coast region ran along the Appalachian Mountains to the far western part of the other regions? a) The Backcountry b) New England c) The Southern Colonies d) The Middle Colonies

22. Bellwork What was the system called Mercantilism?

23. Triangular trade was the name given to a trading route with three stops.

25. The Navigation Acts of 1651, were designed to ensure that England made money from its colony’s trade.

26. Provisions of the Navigation Acts: All shipping had to be done in English ships or ships made in the English colonies. Products such as tobacco, wood, and sugar could be sold only to England or its colonies. European imports to the colonies had to pass through English ports. English officials were to tax any colonial goods not shipped to England.

27. The Navigation Acts failed to keep smugglers and pirates like the infamous Blackbeard from interfering with colonial shipping.

28. Edward Teach c. 1660 - November 22, 1718 AKA Blackbeard (18th century lithograph)

29. Bartholomew “Black Bart” Roberts (1682-1722) at Ouidah with his ship and captured merchantmen in the background.

31. The Jolly Roger is the name now given to any of various flags flown to identify the user as a pirate. The most famous Jolly Roger today is the Skull and Crossbones, a skull over two long bones set in an X arrangement on a black field. Historically, the flag was flown to induce pirates' victims to surrender readily.

32. New England Slavery * Few Slaves *Not practical Of the few slaves there were, some were able to buy their freedom. Because of this, New England was home to more free blacks and any other region.

33. New England Puritan Church * Power & influence weakened considerably in the early 1700s.

34. FOR UNDERSTANDING

35. Which was not a provision of the Navigation Acts of 1651? 1) All non-English citizens had to pay stamp tax. 2) English officials were to tax any colonial goods not shipped to England. 3) All shipping had to be done in English ships. 4) Products such as tobacco, wood, and sugar could be sold only to England or its colonies.

36. New England had few slaves because slavery was ______ in this region. 1) considered immoral 2) against Puritan religion 3) expensive 4) impractical

37. ______ was the name given to a trading route with three stops. 1) Triple trade 2) Triangular trade 3) Pyramidal trade 4) The slave trade

38. In New England, the ______ church weakened considerably in the early 1700s. 1) Quaker 2) Baptist 4) Puritan 3) Church of England

39. The ______ of 1651, were designed to ensure that England made money from its colony’s trade. 1) Navigation Acts 2) Intolerable Acts 3) Free-Trade Agreement. 4) Alliance of Sailors