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Published byAdele McGee Modified over 9 years ago
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Stalemate By 1917 both sides were fighting a defensive war Neither could put together a massive attack Trench warfare was wearing on the soldiers health and morale Mutinies in French, British, and German armies
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Trench warfare
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Russia exits war Political problems in Russia People hate the Russian czar Russian revolution removes the czar Treaty of Brest-Litovsk signed in 1918 to end the war between Russia and Germany Russia gives up a massive amount of land
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Germany’s breakdown Failure at the 2 nd battle of the Marne (July-August 1918) Turning point for allies They began to have food shortages and soldiers were losing willingness to fight
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Armistice An armistice is an agreement between parties to stop fighting before a treaty is composed Germany agrees to an armistice on November 11, 1918 The allies win (Great Britain, France, and the U.S.) The central powers lose ( Germany, Belgium, Austria- Hungary)
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Paris Peace Conference Delegates from nations all over the world meet in Paris to negotiate the terms of the peace treaty Russia and Germany were not invited to attend Purpose of the conference was to negotiate a lasting peace to avoid a war of this magnitude from ever happening again
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The Big 4 1.The United States: represented by President Wilson 2. Great Britain: represented by Prime Minister David Lloyd George 3.France: represented by Georges Clemenceau 4.Italy: represented by Vittorio Orlando
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Goals of the Big 4 France Security Revenge Great Britain Balance of power Remove threat of German navy Italy Gain territory United States Advocate Wilson’s 14 points Create League of Nations
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Wilson’s 14 points and League of Nations An outline to maintain peace after WWI Promote free trade Promote freedom of the seas No secret alliances League of Nations will act as a governing world body
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Treaty of Versailles Signed on June 28, 1919 Germany was forced to pay allies $33 billion in reparations to the allies over 30 years Germany was forced to take full responsibility for the war Germany’s military is limited Germany loses territory
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Germany after the Treaty of Versailles
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Results of peace treaty Germany, Russia, Italy, and Japan feel cheated by peace treaty U.S. becomes more isolationist Large reparations destroy German economy The stage is set for WWII
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WWI’s effects on Texas Soldiers were offered new experiences in Europe Many were eager to find better lives after their serviec Women helped with the war effort as nurses, factory workers, and farmers Ranchers had prospered because Texans had produced products like cotton and wool for tents and uniforms for the military After the war cotton prices fell
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Effects continued.. Texas was on it’s way to becoming an urban state Many were moving away from the rural countryside School attendance laws became more strict and there was greater enforcement of child labor laws Fewer children worked outside the home
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