1. Causes of WWI

2. War was caused by MANIA: Militarism Militarism Alliances Alliances Nationalism Nationalism Imperialism Imperialism Assassination Assassination Note: Gigantic lion’s “mains”…lions are ferocious, just like war… Note: Gigantic lion’s “mains”…lions are ferocious, just like war…

3. Militarism

4. Militarism Glorification of armed strength Glorification of armed strength Civilians loved it, it was a source of pride! Civilians loved it, it was a source of pride! War was the purest form of patriotism War was the purest form of patriotism Europeans forgot how awful war could be Europeans forgot how awful war could be

5. Militarism’s effect on War War was imminent, many saw it coming soon – large standing armies War was imminent, many saw it coming soon – large standing armies Countries didn’t believe it would last long due to the high level of weapons Countries didn’t believe it would last long due to the high level of weapons Weapons allowed countries to threaten and back up their threats more Weapons allowed countries to threaten and back up their threats more

6. Otto Von Bismarck’s Alliances and WWI Bismarck entered into the “Dual Alliance” Bismarck entered into the “Dual Alliance” Alliance between Germany and Austria-Hungary and later, Italy Alliance between Germany and Austria-Hungary and later, Italy Triple Alliance Triple Alliance Russia joins later Russia joins later What does this mean? What does this mean?

7. Bismarck gets the boot Kaiser Wilhelm II kicked Bismarck out of power, so he could actually be ruler Kaiser Wilhelm II kicked Bismarck out of power, so he could actually be ruler He let the relationship with Russia deteriorate He let the relationship with Russia deteriorate

8. Effects of the Broken Russo- German relationship France befriends Russia in Germany’s absence France befriends Russia in Germany’s absence France and Russia will come to the other’s aid in time of war France and Russia will come to the other’s aid in time of war Germany will not just accept this defeat…they do what any logical country would do…challenge another superpower’s authority Germany will not just accept this defeat…they do what any logical country would do…challenge another superpower’s authority

9. German – British Affairs Germany challenges Britain Germany challenges Britain In building ships In building ships NAVAL ARMS RACE! NAVAL ARMS RACE! Colonization Colonization

10. Alliances Britain signs agreement with France, then Russia Britain signs agreement with France, then Russia Treaties were ententes, not alliances Treaties were ententes, not alliances Ententes were friendly understandings, there was no obligation as under an alliance Ententes were friendly understandings, there was no obligation as under an alliance Guarantee they would not fight each other Guarantee they would not fight each other

11. So what does all of this look like?

12. The Balkans- a Powder Keg of Ethnicities and Religions Nationalist movements free many Balkan groups to form new nations Nationalist movements free many Balkan groups to form new nations As the Ottoman Empire declined, the Austria- Hungarian Empire and Russia sought to gain influence and power. As the Ottoman Empire declined, the Austria- Hungarian Empire and Russia sought to gain influence and power. The area was near Austria-Hungary but closer in ethnicity and religion to Russia The area was near Austria-Hungary but closer in ethnicity and religion to Russia A modern day map

13. Franz Ferdinand Franz Ferdinand about to be heir of Austria Franz Ferdinand about to be heir of Austria the “spark” to ignite the tensions the “spark” to ignite the tensions

14. The Beginnings- June 28 th 1914 Sarajevo- a City in what is now Bosnia Sarajevo- a City in what is now Bosnia Area was controlled by Austria-Hungary Area was controlled by Austria-Hungary Large Serbian Population Large Serbian Population Archduke Ferdinand is shot and killed by a Serbian nationalist-Assassin wants a GREATER SERBIA Archduke Ferdinand is shot and killed by a Serbian nationalist-Assassin wants a GREATER SERBIA Archduke (prince) Franz Ferdinand of Austro-Hungarian empire

15. Ultimatum Austria used assassination to go to war. Austria used assassination to go to war. Germany agreed to back them completely. Germany agreed to back them completely. Austria gave Serbia an ultimatum Austria gave Serbia an ultimatum Stop all Anti-Austrian activity and let Austrian officials investigate the assassination Stop all Anti-Austrian activity and let Austrian officials investigate the assassination Serbia planned to accept to avoid war Serbia planned to accept to avoid war Austria-Hungary invaded anyway – Why? Austria-Hungary invaded anyway – Why?

16. Imperialism

17. Central Powers vs. Allied Powers Central Powers (based on geographic location) Germany Germany Austria-Hungary Austria-Hungary Bulgaria Bulgaria Turkey Turkey Allied Powers Great Britain Great Britain France France Russia Russia Italy Italy

18. Let’s Recap: So what caused WWI? MANIA