1. Chapter 5 Section 3
A Call to Arms

2. The Continental Congress
September 1774
Delegates from 12 Colonies
Which colony is missing?
Famous members:
Sam & John Adams, Patrick Henry, George Washington

3. The Adams (Sam and John)
What did Sam Adams do that was so important?
Can anyone guess what John Adams did that would be surprising? (Hint: it involves the Boston Massacre)
Why do you think he might have done that?

4. Patrick Henry What does this quote mean?
“The distinctions between Virginians, Pennsylvanians, New Yorkers, and New Englanders, are no more. I am not a Virginian, but an American.”
What does this quote mean?
In what ways was it significant then?
To what extent is it significant today?

5. George Washington
What has Washington done by this point? (We’ve discussed him once already)
What does his being here foreshadow?

6. The Continental Congress
Decisions of the Congress:
Repeal the 13 Acts of Parliament (Believed they violated the laws of nature, the principles of the English constitution, and the several charters of the colonies)
Boycotted British Trade
Suffolk Resolves: Called upon people to form militias

7. And so it begins… Minutemen – Who are they? Why?
By April 1775 there were already several thousand British soldiers around Boston
Ordered to take away colonists’ weapons
Learn of stores of weapons and ammo at Concord
British troops gather April 18, 1775 to seize supplies

8. And so it begins…
Paul Revere
Joseph Warren
William Dawes
April 18, 1775: Joseph Warren notices British troop movements, goes to warn Paul Revere and William Dawes
The Famous “Midnight Ride” – The regulars are coming!
Samuel Adams: “What a glorious morning this is!”

9. The Shot Heard Round the World
The warnings allowed minutemen to gather at Lexington where they encountered the British
A shot was fired! Who done it?
Regardless, 8 minutemen were killed
British march on to Concord, but find most of the supplies had been moved
On their way home the British were constantly harassed by colonial troops who hid and fired potshots
By the time the British returned to Boston there were 174 wounded and 73 dead

10. Boston to Concord

11. The Shot Heard Round The World!

12. Early Battles
Benedict Arnold raised a force to capture Fort Ticonderoga on Lake Champlain
Joined by Ethan Allen and the Green Mountain Boys
Surprised the fort and captured it on May 10, 1775
Benedict Arnold

13. Bunker Hill 20,000 Colonial Soldiers gather outside Boston
June 16, 1775: 1200 militamen under Colonel William Prescott set up fortifications at Bunker and Breed’s Hill across from Boston
June 17, 1775: British soldiers charge Breed’s Hill to retake the area
Prescott orders his troops not to fire until they see the whites of their eyes
British are forced to retreat several times before the Americans run out of ammunition
British casualties over while American casualties were about 450
What is a casualty?
Who won the battle?

15. Henry Clinton What does this quote mean?
“A few more such victories would have shortly put an end to British dominion in America.”
What does this quote mean?
What does this quote show about the British and the Americans?

16. The First Civil War?
American colonists were faced with a hard choice: Join the revolution or stay loyal to England
Why would some remain faithful to Britain and become known as Loyalists?
Why would some rebel against Britain and become known as Patriots?
How is this the “First Civil War”?

17. The First Civil War? Loyalists Patriots
Did not see unfair taxes as good reason to rebel
Lived in isolation and were not part of “waves of discontment”
Thought British would easily win war and wanted to stay on winning side
Believed British rule was unfair and unjust
Wanted right to self govern
Determined to overthrow the British no matter the cost