1. Sociologists & Deviances
Sociologists believe that deviance comes from people within
Genetic Predispositions- inborn tendencies to commit deviant acts
1. Intelligence (low leads to crime)
2. “XYY” Theory (extra Y chromosome leads to crime)
3. Body Type (people with muscular bodies)

2. Psychologists & Deviances
Personality Disorders- personality disturbance causes an individual to violate social norms
Subconscious motives drive people to deviance
Not always true
Both Psychologists, sociologists and sociobiologists search for outside factors
Why people commit crimes

3. Symbolic Interactionist Perspective
Differential Assoc. Theory- We learn to deviate or to conform to society’s norms mostly by different groups we associate with.
Families play a role in our deviance
Neighborhoods, Friends and Subcultures
Most parents don’t want their children to grow up in bad areas

4. Prisoners of Socialization
We produce our own orientations to life
We choose our own path in life

5. Control Theory
Why do we have strong desires to do things to get us in trouble?
Inner drives
Temptations
Urges
Hostilities

6. Control Theory
The idea that two control systems-inner controls and outer controls- work against our tendencies to deviate
Inner controls: morality, conscience, religious, principles, ideas of right and wrong and fears of punishment
Stronger bonds with society, the more effective are inner controls are

7. Bonds Based on our attachments Based on our commitments
Affection & respect for people
Based on our commitments
Stake in society you don’t want to risk
Based on our involvements
Putting time & energy into approved activities
Based on our beliefs
Believe some actions are wrong

8. Labeling Theory
Labels that people are given affect their own and other’s perception of them
Most people reject negative labels
Slobs
Whore
Pervert
Cheat

9. Labeling Theory
Some people are able to deflect the labels and consider themselves conforming members of society (Techniques of Neutralization)
Denial of Responsibility
Denial of Injury
Denial of a Victim
Condemnation of the Condemners
Appeal to Higher Loyalties

10. Labels
Embrace Labels: Biker Gangs in which they view themselves as losers which supports their deviance
Labels give people