1. Morphology Word formation and structure Morpheme:free, bound Affix: prefix, suffix, etc. Inflection Derivation Mental Lexicon

2. How do A and B differ? AB tabledeactivation purplecats runloudly brightblackbird manycareful oftalking => B words are morphologically complex.

3. Free Morphemes Can stand alone as words tableact purplecat runloud brightblack manybird ofcare talk

4. Bound Morphemes (Cannot stand alone as words) Prefix de-activate, de-contaminate un-happy, un-lucky re-establish, re-assure dis-own, dis-member

5. Suffix cat-s, universitie-s excite-ment, amaze-ment burglar-ize, steril-ize care-ful, will-ful loud-ly, nice-ly, angri-ly round-er, tall-er talk-ing, sleep-ing

6. Derivation vs. Inflection Derivation creates new words. => Can change category and/or meaning Inflection produces grammatical variants of the same word. => Never changes category or meaning

7. Inflection cat (N)cats (N) talk (V)talked (V) big (Adj)bigger (Adj)

8. Inflection only changes grammatical form. Number (N): cat/catsdecision/decisions Case (N): Jane/Jane’sMark/Mark’s Tense (V): shout/shouted/shouting Agreement (V): They run./(S)he runs.

9. Derivation Category Change act (V)=>active (Adj) amaze (V) =>amazement (N) sterile (Adj)=>sterilize (V care (N) =>careful (Adj) loud (Adj)=>loudly (Adv)

10. Derivation can also change meaning. accept + able read + er instrument + al

11. Derivation takes place before inflection. act+iv+ate+d *act+ed+iv+ate compart+ment+al+ize+d compart+ment+al+iz+ation *compart+ment+al+ize+d+ation

12. Mental Lexicon Morphemes and word formation processes are part of the mental lexicon. Derived words are stored in the mental lexicon.

13. Creative Word Formation Possible because we have a mental lexicon. shush shush-er shush-ee un-shush-able

14. -er:V=>N –(N refers to the agent of V) -ee:V=>N –(N refers to the patient of V) -able:V=>Adj –(Adj expresses the possibility of V) un-:Adj1=>Adj2 –(Adj2 expresses the opposite of Adj1)

15. More New Words bogosity: => degree to which something is bogus bogos + -ity -ity: Adj=>N –(N expresses state or degree of Adj) –clarity, agility, ability

16. Even More Creative ambimoustrous: => capable of operating a mouse with either hand ambi- + mouse(tr) + -ous On analogy with ambidextrous ambi + dexter + ous