1. – Agro forestry Farming and Community Development in Limpopo
Sustainable Way of Living and Organic Farming
– Agro forestry Farming and Community Development in Limpopo

2. In this beautiful planet.
Every single minute 34 people
Every single day 50,000 people
are dying in extreme poverty and hunger.

3. 1/3 of world population (Approximately 2 billion) is still suffering from poverty and hunger

4. Challenges for Traditional Farming
■ Low fertility land
■ Distance to markets
■ High transport cost
■ Short shelf life of traditional crops
■ High input cost
■ Limited off-take / uses for traditional
crops

5. Agro Forestry
■ Must not be confused with commercial timber
forests that take 15 to 25 years to provide
income.
■ Is not a mono culture, environmentally
degrading practice.
■ Is a environmentally friendly use of companion
plants and natural feed supply to derive the maximum possible income
from a limited portion of land with lowest
possible input cost
■ Agro forestry restore natural Flora and Fauna in area. Return, with natural habitat, wild animals (and poachers'? Need to deploy Police service and anti poaching unit)

6. Selected plant species
■ Bamboo
■ Pinatta
■ Moringa (Short Term)
■ Jicama (Short Term)
■ Algae

7. Bamboo

8. Bamboo ■ A naturalized clumping bamboo.
■ Non invasive as it does not produce seed
■ Root system penetrates only 500mm – 600mm
■ Culms 100mm to 120mm in diameter
■ Height from 9 to 27 meters (up to 45meters)
■ Produces 25 new shoots / year
■ Culm wet weight average 35kg
■ 100 m/ton, minimum, Bio Mass per Ha
■ The fastest growing plant on this planet . Is a critical element in the balance
of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
■ A viable replacement for wood An enduring natural resource Versatile with a 105 day growth cycle
■ A renewable resource for agro forestry production.
■ And over 2.2 billion people rely on bamboo as a source of income.

9. Bamboo
■A sustainable bamboo investment combines managed forestry with the potential
for short-term profitability, delivering returns just four years after planting – making it a stable and dependable source of annual income. And its potential is set to increase... dramatically.
Sustainable timber, in all its forms, represents the most secure asset type available, with an increase in the demand for tropical hardwood increasing over 2,500 percent in the last 40 years. According to statistics released by the Ministry of Agriculture in India, the world market for bamboo is currently valued at $10 billion (USD). That value is forecast to reach $20 billion (USD) by 2015.
The reason: high demand.
Fast Growth. Bamboo is the fastest growing land plant in the world (only ocean kelp grows faster).
A 20m bamboo culm can replace itself within 50 days as opposed to a 20m hardwood tree which can take decades to grow.
Longevity. A single bamboo clump can produce up to 15 kilometres of usable pole over a 15 year period.
Carbon Sequestration. Bamboo sequesters around 4 times more CO2 than average timber and produces 35% more Oxygen.
Strength. Bamboo possesses a tensile strength of 52 pounds per square inch, stronger than most steel. As such it is a major component in the construction industry for scaffolding across Asia, South America and Africa.
“During the past 20 years, bamboo has developed as an exceptionally-valuable and often superior substitute for wood. Bamboo may replace wood in many industrial applications and thereby contribute to the saving and restoration of the world’s forests”.
United Nations

10. Bamboo
Some facts to consider about the greenness of bamboo would be: Bamboo is grown without pesticides or chemical fertilizers
Bamboo requires no irrigation
Bamboo rarely needs replanting
Bamboo grows rapidly and can be harvested in 3-5 years
Bamboo produces 35% more oxygen that an equivalent stand of trees
Bamboo is a critical element in the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
Bamboo is an excellent soil erosion inhibitor
Additionally, bamboo fabric is breathable, thermal regulating, wicks moisture better than polyester performance fabrics, will resist odour and is absorbent and fast drying keeping you dryer and more comfortable than any cotton or polyester fabrics.
Is bamboo organically grown? Yes, our viscose from bamboo comes from bamboo that is Certified Organic and you can see our certifications and read about them on our website: farm where the bamboo is grown is certified by the OCIA and the bamboo crops are certified by the USDA organic seal.

11. Bamboo Uses Lets take a look at the Bamboo Revolution:
From Activated Charcoal, Biochar for water/air purification to
Producing a high grade coal, replacement to Bio Diesel.
From Paper to Bamboo fibre (clothing etc).
Floors, Walls panels and Kitchen tops, Structural Beams & Roofing.
Renewable energy options: Captive Gasification Co and Tri-generation, Bituminous Coal replacement. Pellet fuel for home cooking and heating
Renewable consumer products: Timber replacement; Steel rods replacement(in concrete);
Edible oil; Food fortification products
Animal feeds; Organic Nitrogen Fertilizer; Soil amendment
All from single project design.
Carbon sequestering / Offset opportunities
There are now over 5000 products made from Bamboo

12. Bamboo’s economic and environmental potential
About 1.5 billion people depend on bamboo for their daily lives. Over 20 million tons of bamboo are collected and utilized annually. Those in rural areas and the poor are the prime harvesters of bamboo, widely known as a "poor man’s timber". Global bamboo trade is estimated to be between 1.5 to 2.5 billion USD. Although it occupies only 1-3% of the total tropical and sub-tropical forest area, including trees outside forest lands, bamboo contributes between 4-7% of the total tropical and subtropical timber trade. Besides higher biomass, bamboo has other advantages over wood as a carbon stock. Unlike woody crops bamboo offers the possibility of annual selective harvesting and removal of about 15-20% of the total stock without damaging the environment and stock productivity. Over 90% of bamboo carbon can be sequestered in durable products such as boards, panels, floors, furniture, buildings, cloth, paper and activated charcoal. These products have a very long life span and may retain carbon for several decades. Bamboo can play a significant role in linking climate change mitigation to sustainable economic development in the developing world. Carbon credits may trigger creation of otherwise marginal bamboo plantations for processing, jobs and wealth generation.
Using Bamboo in forestry projects under the Clean Development Mechanism. The Kyoto Protocol and the CDM forestry projects 
Interest in carbon trading under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol have blossomed since its ratification in The first carbon trade forestry projects under the Kyoto Protocol are expected in Although no projects have been developed for bamboo so far, it does qualify for the forest carbon credits.

13. Agricultural uses

14. Moringa

15. Moringa
■ This tree is cultivated around the world for its
edible leafs and pods.
■ The tree is extremely drought tolerant
■ The tree is fast growing and reaches 6 meters
in two years.
■ The tree starts production 8 months after
establishment.
■ The tree is cut back to 1 meter above ground
every winter and starts coppicing within 2
weeks.

16. Companies selling Moringa oil
Qty Price
UncleHarry.com 1oz $12
Eromatic.co.uk ml $12
Fromnaturewithlove.com 2oz $15.23
Gracefruit.com ml $8.55
Moringafarms.com 4oz $25
Here are just a few of many companies currently offering Moringa on sale. One kilogram of oil is slightly more than 1 gallon, equal to more than 130 liquid ounces. So, if buyers pay $12 for 1oz of Moringa oil, the sellers earn a wholesale profit of over $1,560 per kilogram. (The wholesale profit does not include shipping or bottling costs). This suggests that Moringa oil production is a potentially very profitable activity.
■ Moringa oil: 2.5 tons x ha (from year 3) = ton of Oil . With lowest price- 6usd/L ; 6000usd/t. x ton = 25,000, usd

17. Yield Seed in Shell (Yield) Seed (46% of Yield) oil (40% oiseed)
Approximate trees/hectare (estimates)*
Conditions for growth:
Poor
Good
Optimal
Seed in Shell (Yield)
16.30
27.17
50 t/ha
Seed (46% of Yield)
7.5
12.5
23t/ha
oil (40% oiseed) 3 5
9.66 t/ha
Meal:
4.5
13.34 t/ha
Protein
2.25
3.75
6.67 t/ha
Starch

18. MORINGA OIL FOR BIOFUEL? No!
For food, Feed Stock! Medicine and cosmetics.
In the Philippines, SECURA International announced that Moringa trees will be grown on 500,000 hectares to supply oil for sale to North American Biofuels, Inc. SECURA plans to export 150 million gallons of Moringa oil annually.
In Australia, Moringa Pty Ltd is establishing Moringa plantations on 500,000 hectares.
We do not use eatable products for Biofuel.
People need food! Animals need feed stock!

19. Fast tracking new entrants in agriculture
■ It is not possible to establish large numbers of
traditional commercial farmers on the land with
the limited funding available
■ It will take years for new entrants to compete
with established commercial farmers, if they
follow traditional farming practice of
monoculture
■ We have to think outside the box without
compromising food security
■ Develop Communal approaches, how to deal with feedstock for animals, feed lots for finishing, abattoir, food processing plants, storage facility, marketing of products (do not sale raw materials, only final products) and transportation to clients

20. Moringa
Oil and Seed pods

21. Leafs, powder and drinks
Moringa
Leafs, powder and drinks

22. Pinnata

23. Pinnata

24. Pinnata
Pinnata Seed / Pod Content Each seed pod contains 6% oil - 94% seedcake The encased seed accounts for 45-95% of the weight of each seed pod (depending on variety and management) The seed itself consists of 40-50% lipid oil, and 40-60% seedcake Seed cake  The rich seed cake remaining after pressing the seed can be utilised as organic fertiliser, high protein animal stock feed, or biomass for heat and power generation. Plantation Prunings  Mulched prunings from Pinnata can be utilised as organic fertiliser, high protein animal stock feed, or biomass for heat and power generation.

25. Pinnata
Millettia Pinnata is a superior species of Pinnata. It is a “green oil” Bio-fuel producing tree that has a 10 meter taproot, thus creating a substantial carbon sink. The dense shade it provides slows the evaporation of surface water and its root structures promote nitrogen fixation, which moves nutrients from the air into the soil.  Pinnatta easily surpasses the plantation oil yield of other oil crops such as Palm and Jatropha, with high oil content of 40-50%. In addition, the rich seed cake remaining after pressing the seed can be utilized as organic fertilizer, high protein animal stock feed, or biomass for heat and power generation. Pinnata plantations can fix more carbon than is used in the production of fuel - creating a truly "carbon negative" solution. Pinnata trees at maturity regularly produce ,000kgs of seed per tree per year.

26. Pinnata One Seed, Many Products
Vegetable oils can be used to supplement or even replace traditional petroleum fuels. The glycerol in the remaining 10 percent has a wide range of applications, including use in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. In fact, almost every step in the life cycle of pongamia seeds results in a safe and useful product: highly effective organic fertilizer. Widespread use of gas for cooking could also help curb the rampant deforestation. The toxic compounds that make pongamia seeds repellent to grazing livestock can be extracted to create a potent natural pesticide. There is also research indicating that M. pinnata can be used as a natural insecticide.[15]
Research has also been put into using the material leftover from the oil extraction as a feed supplement for cattle, sheep and poultry as this byproduct contains up to 30% protein. Other studies have shown some potential for biocidal activity against V. cholerae and E. coli, as well an anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive (reduction in sensitivity to painful stimuli) and antipyretic (reduction in fever) properties.
While the oil and residue of the plant are used in many traditional remedies.[7] Juices from the plant, as well as the oil, are antiseptic and resistant to pests. The fruits and sprouts of P. pinnata were used in folk remedies for abdominal tumours in India, the seeds for keloid tumours in Sri Lanka and a powder derived from the plant for tumours in Vietnam. In Sanskritic India, seeds were used for skin aliments. Today, the oil is used as a liniment for rheumatism. Leaves are active against Micrococcus; their juice is used for cold, cough, diarrhoea, dyspepsia, flatulence, gonorrhoea and leprosy. Roots are used for cleaning gums, teeth and ulcers. Bark is used internally for bleeding piles. In the traditional systems, such as Ayurveda and Unani, the P. pinnata plant is used for anti-inflammatory, anti-plasmodial, anti-nonciceptive, anti-hyperglycaemics, anti-lipidoxidative, anti-diarrhoeal, anti-ulcer, anti-hyperammonic and antioxidant. Oil made from the seeds, known as pongamia oil, is an important asset of this tree and has been used as lamp oil, in soap making, and as a lubricant for thousands of years.

27. Jicama

28. Plant description
■ Jicama is actually a legume, and it grows on vines that may reach six meters in length. The vines tend to hug the ground, terminating in tubers that may grow to 22 kilograms in size, although the majority of jicama tubers sent to market are approximately 750 g- 1,5 kg in weight.
■ Jicama sequesters approximately 52 tons of nitrogen / ha / season

29. Jicama
■ Jicama is a winter crop, it develops the tubers
in the short days.
■ This will allow for plants per ha and
produce 24,75 tons Jicama tubers / ha
■ Jicama tubers can be eaten raw, cooked, fried
like potato chips, mashed, milled into porridge
or made into sweet / chilli snacks.
■ The seed contains an oil that is a very potent
insect repellent that can be used on organically
grow crops and for bio oil crude.

30. Selected plant species
Algae

31. Selected plant species
Algae
Algae can produce up to 300 times more oil per acre than conventional crops, such as rapeseed, palms, soybeans, or jatropha. As algae have a harvesting cycle of 1–10 days, it permits several harvests in a very short time frame, a differing strategy to yearly crops). Algae can also be grown on land that is not suitable for other established crops, for instance, arid land, land with excessively saline soil, and drought-stricken land. This minimizes the issue of taking away pieces of land from the cultivation of food crops. Algae can grow 20 to 30 times faster than food crops.
Energy production
Business possibility of using algae to make gasoline, diesel and other fuels. See Algae fuel.
Other uses
Chlorella, particularly a transgenic strain which carries an extra mercury reductase gene, has been studied as an agent for environmental remediation due to its ability to reduce Hg2+ to the less toxic elemental mercury. Cultivated algae serve many other purposes, including bioplastic production, dyes and colorant production, non chemical feedstock production, and pharmaceutical ingredients.

32. ■ Algae: 60 tons x 100ha(year one, say 60 t/ha) = 6 000 ton of oil ;
and ton feed cakes. Algae-derived Nutritional Supplements & Oils High-Omega3; Low-Omega3
■ Bamboo: 100 tons x ha (from year 3) = ton of Biomass
■ Pinnata:18 tons x ha (from year 3) = ton of Oil and ton of feed stock
■ Moringa oil: 2.5 tons x ha (from year 3) = ton of Oil and ton Bio products
■ Jicama: 25 tons x ha (from year 2) = ton of food

33. Pollination
All our plantations, except Bamboo and Algae, need pollination!

34. Pollination
Pollination is the process by which pollen (male) in transferred from the ripe anther to the receptive stigma in a flower of the same species, thereby enabling fertilisation of the ovary (female) and the production of fruit and seeds (the reproduction of the plant). Only 10% of flowering plants are pollinated without animal assistance (i.e. self-pollinated, wind pollinated, or water pollinated). Our plantation of Moringa, Pinnata and Jicama need pollination to increase quantity of harvesting product and quality of products.
Globally, honeybees are the most important pollinator of commercial pollinator-dependant crops, with at least 90% of these crops reliant on honeybee services.
The following key points should be included in the plan:
• Approximate date to move bees into the crop, or the time relative to a certain condition of bloom, and the approximate date on which bees are to be removed
• Location of crop
• Pattern of colony placement
• Beekeeper will provide a specified number of colonies of a minimum standard
• Grower will reimburse the beekeeper for any additional movement of colonies in, out, or around the crop
• Grower will provide right of entry to the beekeeper for management of the bees while on the pollination site

35. Pollination

36. Estimated yields on ONE Ha Plot ■ Bamboo 100 to 160 ton/ha
■ Algae to 140 m.ton/ha
■ Bamboo to 160 ton/ha
■ Pinnata tons
■ Moringa seeds tons
■ Moringa pods 24 tons
■ Jicama ,5 tons

37. Estimated Oil yields on
ONE Ha Plot/year
■ Algae tons
■ Bamboo tons
■ Pinnata tons
■ Moringa oil tons
■ Jicama tons
■ Algae to 60 tons x 600ha(year one, say 40 t/ha) = ton of oil ; from year ha x 40 t/ha = ton of oil
■ Bamboo tons x ha (from year 3) = ton of Ethanol
■ Pinnata 18 tons x ha (from year 3) = ton of Oil
■ Moringa oil tons x ha (from year 3) = ton of Oil
■ Jicama 2,5 tons x ha (from year 3) = ton of Oil
Total from year 3. = 1,066,000 ton of Oil/Ethanol .

38. Carbon Credits
■ As the bamboo and tree species are
recognized by the UN as forest species,
the establishment of these plantations is
eligible for carbon credits.
■ If well organized and established on land
that has been denuded of trees or has
never had trees, each ha may be worth
as much as $2000 / year/ha in carbon
funding.

39. Carbon Credits Environment
Offsets 2, tons/yr of CO2 & 40,000 tons/yr of Methane
Provides over 4 billion calories/year from food & 3.5 billion calories/year from animal feed for assisting food- aid organizations
Powered by 100% renewable energy
On-site Solar PV & Waste-to-Energy power generation
Nearly 9 MW of power by gas turbines generators on methane( 3 units x 3 MW)
Offset, from power generation, equivalent of 1,600k tons/yr of CO2
Collecting/avoiding use of 3 million cubic meters of freshwater/yr

40. Bio-Diesel Production
Mobile processing plant
160miI liter / year fixed plant

42. Benefits in Limpopo and for Limpopo
Immediate Access to approximately 75,000Ha Land
Waste Water Treatment Bio Digesters for Gray water for feed Algae , Organic Compost for long term Plantations and Gas Methane for feed Algae and distribution for Community use
Planned 500 units houses for workers, 50 units for management and 10 units for top management
Develop Guest House and Game Lodge with Game farm, crocodile farm and bee farm
Develop Company Centre: Office, Cultural Centre, Planet Fitness Health Club, Agricultural College, School, Shopping Centre, Restaurant and Cafe, Health Care Clinic with Linkedcare.
Access to extra, under utilised, Ha to Ha, Non Arable land
Close to road and easy access to port for products export. Easy establish production of building materials by our plant and community handcraft unit, food, pulp for paper and material, fuel production.
Easy Access to Site and Access to fresh water
Full Community Support
Methane is now marginally lower than electricity and would be 14% below paraffin. A price of around USD 1.0 VAT inc would be a breakeven point.
For the hob, stove and heater exchange programme, the price of the Methane Gas will be lower with the current average around USD 1.5 per kg.
General benefits of cooking with Methane
Why it makes sense to use gas for cooking and thermal applications in households:
Gas is the acclaimed and preferred fuel for cooking internationally. 
Gas is fast, clean, controllable and efficient – why do most professional Chefs prefer gas – for these precise reasons! 
The hob heating settings on gas are generally more precise than electric hobs especially standard low cost electric hobs. 
With gas you only pay for what you use – it is instantly on and off, unlike electricity. 
With Gas there is no preheating or wasteful after heating – the energy used goes straight into cooking – ever tried to stop milk boiling over with an electric hob and you will fail – however with gas you instantly stop the heating process. 
Gas is safe and has an internationally superior safety record in the home than electricity – you can see and smell gas whereas electricity is a silent killer. Electric hotplates are a potential danger to children since rarely is it visible whether a plate is hot or cold. 
Methane Gas is portable and can be stored safely ensuring reliable and consistent thermal energy for cooking. Once you have your safe supply of Methane Gas you are independent of power interruptions. 
Approved gas appliances are robust and long lasting provided they are used according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
6. Benefits of the Low Income Household Programme
In addition to the above compelling benefits, the Low Income Household Programme now offers:
A free quality double plate Methane Gas cooker 
A free Methane Gas cylinder with all necessary attachments 
Five months heavily subsidized Methane Gas 
Replacement of an old appliance with a new one 
Higher powered burner ratings than electric stoves 
Access to Methane cooking – the new trend 
Nearly 5 months worth of Methane
Deposit of R50 on the cylinder already paid
Bio Gas Methane 30% to 35% chipper than LPG.

43. Challenges in Area Housing Backlog
Limited access to basic services amongst Poor.
Problem with Preschool and Training Centres, schools
Poor life condition, low level of sanitation, waste, is a major Health and Social Problems in area
Hugh unemployment between Youth and Women
Hugh clean water shortage
Electricity is limited and paraffin, candles and LPG are becoming more and more expensive
Environment is degraded with problems of over grassing, Water Weeds and Alien Vegetation, runoff soil
Farms have problems with feed stock for animals
Farms have problems of disposing of animal wastes
Fertility of land is low for conventional farming activity

44. Proposal
We have offer ha for Self Sustainable Farming in Limpopo.
for year one:
ESTIMATED PLANTATION DEVELOPMENT TIME LINES AND REQUIREMENTS FOR :
SHORT, MEDIUM TERM PRODUCTIVE SUSTAINABILITY
5 000 ha Pinnata
ha Bamboo
ha Moringa oleifera
5 000 ha Jicama
for year two:
LONG TERM PRODUCTIVE SUSTAINABILITY
1000 ha – dependant on personal and market requirements options would be;
600 ha Algae (open ponds) for stage one and 6 000ha for stage 2

45. Install Pyrolysis equipment and m3 Biogas Digester’s Systems fed from Farming activity , Company Village and waste from production of Oil plants
Recycle water and extract Biogas
Utilise Gas to drive Turbine Genset (approximately 10MW) and supply Bio Gas in cylinders to Community.
Utilise Water and fertiliser for Sustainable way of Farming
Develop Marketing and Job Creation Centre
Develop all available land in phases starting with energy, oil and food production then moving towards Biofuels from long and short term plantation, what is must be plant as soon as we start Project.

46. Requirements Operational Capital from our investors
Purchase of Equipment and machinery. Pyrolysis equipment
Order and install Temporary office, Warehouses and workshops
Start cleaning up land for plantation
Purchase of crop seedlings for start and open Nursery, for own seedlings stock growing
PV energy generation, Co generation and Three generation systems, Gas and steam Turbine Generators
Construction of office, warehouses, work shops, Dormitory and houses. Green Houses and Pig Farm with Chicken Farm.
Abattoir and Biogas Digesters
Ponds for Algae growing
Production plant for Oil extraction and feed cakes processing
Feed stock production from our own plantation
Food processing, packaging
10000 people in the settlement
Farms within 25km radius with 100,000 chicken, 1000 cows, and pigs.
Organic kitchen waste in form of food scraps, vegetable waste = 0.75kg/per capita = 7.5 ton; 7.5 x 136 m3 per ton = 1020 m3 methane
On average one cow produces 33.3kg of fresh dung per day = 33.3 ton; x 25m3 per ton = m3 methane
One pig produces 3.64kg of litter per day = 34.4 ton; 34.4 x 26m3 per ton = m3 methane
One bird produces 0.1kg of litter per day = 100 ton; 10.0 x 120m3 per ton = 1200m3 methane
3946 m3 methane x 2KWh = KWh.
One M3 of Methane= 2KWh

47. System

48. Super Structure Bio Oil Fuel Gas BioGas HEAT ELECTRICITY Pyrolysis
Solid Biomass
Future Energy Crop of Africana Spirotakia, Bamboo, Windy Bundu etc
Wet Biomass
Poultry litter, Pig litter, cow dung, household kitchen waste, agro- processing waste, sewerage, waterweeds, sewerage from existing waste works
BioGas
Bio Oil
Fuel Gas
Combustion
Pyrolysis
Gasification
Anaerobic
Fermentation
HEAT
ELECTRICITY

49. Economic Sustainability
Each Plantation, Oil Plants, food and feed stock processing, Create Direct and Indirect Sustainable Jobs
Bamboo Plantation with processing plant and building materials plant Create Direct and Indirect Sustainable Jobs
Project could have “Commercial IRR of 13% over 10 years
Provision of Energy has been shown to have positive impact on economic activity, Poverty Alleviation and Self sustainability of Community
Development of Food Production industry to stimulate Economic Activities
Possible sale of Electricity and Compost
Development of Future Energy Crops
Improved Land Use
Decentralised management and use of Resource Flows, Education of Youth, Woman, mind change for further developments in Limpopo and South Africa

50. . No risk, Maximum profit, Job creation and excess to market.
Social Sustainability
No indoor smoke from cooking or heating thereby promoting a healthy way of life
Food gardens produce trade and supply of Food
Improvement of appearance of village due to greening projects by using nutrient rich grey water
Flushing toilets improving morale in the community
Compliments conventional systems
Creation of direct and indirect employment opportunities thru education
Potential to seed self reliance in relatively new economies
Creation of Community Cooperation with AGD partnership, for develop self sustainable system, what is can alleviate Community to new level
What is can utilise new, advance, agricultural technology for communal benefits days Organic feed stock for all Communal Coop live stock (in AGD Feed Lots), Abattoir, Packaging, Freezer and Transport
. No risk, Maximum profit, Job creation and excess to market.

51. Environmental Sustainability
No burning of paraffin, coal and wood thereby reducing emissions
Sludge from the biogas digester makes for good bio-fertiliser which will be used for green projects as well as food and future bio-energy crop production
Reuse of water from digester after it is filtered
Cleaning up of area by control of water weed and alien vegetation bringing a better and healthy environment
Local investment and infrastructure upgrade
Better waste management and sanitation provision
Nutrient reclamation