1. Chapter 17 Reconstruction and the New South (1865-1896)
Section 3 The South During Reconstruction

2. Section 3-Polling Question
In your opinion, should President Johnson have been removed from office?
A. Yes
B. No A B

3. Essential Question
In what ways did government in the Southern states change during Reconstruction?

4. African Americans in Government
African American voters played an important role in Reconstruct
Contributing to Republican victories in the South
Some African Americans were able to win seats as elected officials
In South Carolina, African Americans held a majority in the lower house of the legislature
In other states, African Americans held important positions, but never in proportion to their numbers

5. At the National Level
16 African Americans served in the House of Representatives ( )
2 African Americans served in the Senate ( )
One was Hiram Revels- an ordained minister
Revels had recruited African Americans for the Union army
He also started a school for freed African Americans in Missouri
He also served as chaplain of an African American regiment in Mississippi
Revels stayed in Mississippi and was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1870

6. Blanche K. Bruce The other African American senator
Also from Mississippi
A former escaped slave
Taught in a school for African Americans in Missouri
In 1869 he went to Mississippi, entered politics, and was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1874

7. Scalawags and Carpetbaggers
Some Southern whites backed the Republicans
Former Confederates called them scalawags (scoundrel or worthless rascal)
Some Northern whites moved to the South after the war and supported the Republican party
Critics called these Northerners carpetbaggers
Some were dishonest, but many were reformers who wanted to help the South
Many Southerners accused the Reconstruction governments of corruption

8. A B C D Southern whites who supported Republicans were called
Section 3
Southern whites who supported Republicans were called
A. scalawags
B. sharecroppers
C. carpetbaggers
D. freedmen A B C D

9. Resistance to Reconstruction
Most Southerners opposed efforts to expand African Americans’ rights
Most white landowners refused to rent land to freed people
Store owners refused them credit and employers would not hire them
Secret societies, such as the Ku Klux Klan, used fear and violence to deny rights to freed men and women
The KKK wore white sheets and hoods

10. The KKK
Klan members killed 1000s of African Americans and their white friends
Wounded many more
Burned African American homes, schools, and churches
Many southerners, especially planters and the Democrats, back the KKK
They saw violence as a defense against Republican rule
1870 and Laws were passed to stop the violence of the Klan
But most Southerners refused to testify against those who attacked African Americans and their white supporters

11. Education
During Reconstruction, African Americans created their own schools
The Freedmen’s Bureau also helped spread education
1870s- Reconstruction governments created public schools for both races
Within a few years about 50% of white children and 40% of African American children in the South were enrolled
Northern missionary societies set up academies
These academies grew into African American colleges and universities
Fisk University in Tennessee and Morehouse College in Georgia
Only a few states required that schools be integrated, but the laws were not enforced

12. Farming
Some African Americans purchased land with the help of the Freedmen’s Bank
Most were unable to get land
The most common form of farmwork for freed people was sharecropping
A landowner rented a plot of land to a sharecropper
An a crude shack, some seeds, and tools (also maybe a mule)
In return, sharecroppers shared a percentage of their crops with the landowners
After paying the landowner, sharecroppers often had little left to sell
For many, sharecropping was little better than slavery

13. Section 3
What was the relationship between sharecroppers and landowners?
A. Landowners owned sharecroppers.
B. Landowners sold small parcels of land to sharecroppers.
C. Sharecroppers rented a parcel of land from a landowner.
D. Sharecroppers worked the landowner’s land for a small annual salary. A B C D

14. - During Reconstruction, African American men gained these rights
Essential Question
In what ways did government in the Southern states change during Reconstruction?
-Before the Civil War, only whites could vote or hold office in the South
- During Reconstruction, African American men gained these rights
-African American voters mostly supported Republicans, helping Radical Republicans take control of Southern state governments
-Several African Americans were elected to office

15. Chapter 17 Section 3 Quiz

16. African American voters were supporters of the Republican Party.
True
False

17. Hiram Revels was a plantation owner.
True
False

18. A carpetbagger was a poor person from the South who tried to make money in the North.
True
False

19. Many Democrats supported the actions of the Ku Klux Klan.
True
False

20. The Freedmen's Bank lent money to help African Americans buy land.
True
False

21. Southern whites who supported Republican policy throughout Reconstruction were called
carpetbaggers.
Republican hostages.
scalawags.
freedmen.

22. Northerners who moved to the South and supported the Republicans were called
carpetbaggers.
Republican hostages.
scalawags.
freedmen.

23. One way some Southerners made life difficult for freed African Americans was to
keep them from holding government positions.
keep them out of schools.
refuse to give them work.
supply them with diseased food.

24. voting rights violence cooperation Democratic Party
What did Southerners who had the most to gain from the reestablishment of white supremacy see as a defense against Republican rule?
voting rights
violence
cooperation
Democratic Party

25. What did African Americans find to be little better than slavery?
integration
moving to the North
sharecropping
land ownership

26. Participant Scores Participant 1 Participant 2 Participant 3
Participant 1
Participant 2
Participant 3
Participant 4
Participant 5

27. Team Scores
Team 1
Team 2
Team 3
Team 4
Team 5