3. Immune System

4. http://www.who.int/hiv/data/en / “HIV has inflicted the single greatest reversal in human development in modern history” UNAIDS Report for 2008

7. HIV- “an absolute parasite”

9. Course of HIV Infection AIDS = CD4 cell count under 200.

10. What is HIV and AIDS?  HIV attacks lymphocytes (white blood cells) called T-cells.  The virus penetrates T-cells and forces them to make copies of HIV which causes the T-cell to die.  Less T-cells result in a weakened immune system and risk for opportunistic diseases.  HIV infection and certain opportunistic diseases or HIV infection and a low T-cell count (200 or less) will result in an AIDS diagnosis. © 2008 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

11. HIV/AIDS HIV = Human Immunodeficiency Virus = Retrovirus that attacks and destroys the immune system

12. AIDS = Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Opportunistic Infections = common bacteria, fungus, viruses,etc. that usually do not have the opportunity to infect people with healthy immune systems

13. HIV Symptoms if present Sore throat Mouth Sores Muscle stiffness and aches Headaches Diarrhea Swollen Lymph Nodes Fever Fatigue Rash Frequent vaginal yeast infections

14. Transmission of HIV Blood Semen Vaginal Secretions Breast milk

15. Treatment No cure Anti-viral therapy suppresses replication of the HIV virus in the body HAART = Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (AIDs Cocktail)

16. People at Highest Risk for HIV Infection Those who engage in unprotected sex Those with sexual partners who participate in high risk activities (anal sex) Those who share needles with infected intravenous drug use Infants born to mothers infected with HIV Those who received blood transfusions between 1977-1985

17. HIV: What is Safe? Safe  Casual contact.  Hugging.  Eating after.  Massage.  Masturbation.  Insects. Unsafe  Vaginal sex.  Anal sex.  Oral sex.  Deep kissing.  Multiple partners.  Sharing needles. © 2008 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

18. Should I Be Tested? You should be tested if:  You have had any STD.  Shared drug needles.  Had sex with a prostitute.  Had sex with a man who had sex with another man.  Had unprotected sex with three or more partners. Remember that the test looks for HIV antibodies. It could take 3 to 6 months before antibodies appear in the blood. A person should have 6 months with no risk behavior before a test can be accurate. For more information contact your local health department. © 2008 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.