1.
What do we remember about ww1?

2. World War I (1914–1918)
Imperial, territorial, and economic rivalries led to the “Great War” between the Central Powers (Austria-Hungary, Germany, Bulgaria, and Turkey) and the Allies (U.S., Britain, France, Russia, Belgium, Serbia, Greece, Romania, Montenegro, Portugal, Italy, and Japan). About 10 million combatants killed, 20 million wounded.

3. TWO SIDES OF WWI Germany Austria-Hungary Bulgaria Turkey Great Britain
Italy
Who Changed SIDES?
TWO SIDES OF WWI
CENTRAL POWERS
ALLIES
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Bulgaria
Turkey
Great Britain
France
Russia
Serbia
Belgium
U.S. (later)
Italy

4. Lusitania German submarine sank the British ocean liner Lusitanian
More than 1,000 passengers were killed, including 128 Americans.
The people of the United States were shocked! Wilson did not declare war, but instead asked Germany for an apology*, for damages to be paid, and for a promise not to attack any more passenger ships.
Also lead to the United States to break off political relations with Germany.
Also prompted Woodrow Wilson to build up United STATES Military.

5. May 17, 1915
May 7, 1915 brought the United States into World War I. A German submarine sank the British ocean liner Lusitania off the coast of Ireland. More than 1,000 passengers were killed, including 128 Americans. The people of the United States were shocked! Wilson did not declare war, but instead asked Germany for an apology*, for damages to be paid, and for a promise not to attack any more passenger ships.

6. US Road to War The Last Straw
Zimmerman Note

7. Zimmermann Telegram
In March 1917, a German official, Arthur Zimmermann, cabled the German ambassador in Mexico, proposing that Mexico ally itself with Germany.
In return, Mexico would regain territory it had earlier lost to the United States.
TEXAS, NEW MEXICO, AND
ARIZONA
So, in February 1917, Germany went back to unrestricted submarine warfare & soon after SUNK four American merchant ships.
On April 6, 1917, the United States declared WAR against Germany

8. Turning Point in WW1
In September 1918, Pershing put together the most massive attack in American history, causing one GERMAN position after another to fall to the advancing American troops.
On November 11, 1918, Germany signed an ARMISTICE, or cease-fire, that ended the war.

9. RED SCARE
After WWI, Americans associated communism with disloyalty and unpatriotic behavior.

10. Trench Warfare
The two armies dug trenches to protect themselves from bullets and bombs. Then they put up mazes of barbed wire around the trenches. The area between the trenches was called "no man's land." Soldiers ate and slept in the trenches. First one side, and then the other would try to break through at some point along the line. It was very difficult for either side to win a battle this way, and trench warfare claimed many lives.

11. May 7th 1915 Sinking of the Lusitania
US Road to War
May 7th 1915 Sinking of the Lusitania

12. Trench Warfare

13. The war Begins 1914
WHEN…
Austrian Archduke Francis Ferdinand and wife assassinated by Serbian nationalist, A assassin from Secret “BLACK HAND Society (June 28).
That started a domino effect of wars in Europe.
Austria declares war on Serbia
Britain declares war on Germany
BLACK HAND Society: was a group of Serbs that was in the government and high ranking military that intended was to unify all Serbs through the violence of terrorism.
They killed him for military purposes.
Austria declares war on Serbia (July 28). Germany declares war on Russia (Aug. 1), on France (Aug. 3), invades Belgium (Aug. 4). Britain declares war on Germany (Aug. 4). Germans defeat Russians in Battle of Tannenberg on Eastern Front (Aug.). First Battle of the Marne (Sept.). German drive stopped 25 miles from Paris. By end of year, war on the Western Front is “positional” in the trenches.

14. Trench Warfare
“No Man’s Land”

16. NEW WEAPONS OF WWI TANKS – BRITISH FLAME THROWER – GERMANS
U-BOATS (UNTERSEEBOOTEN)
AIRPLANES
GAS
POISON
MUSTARD
MACHINE GUNS
TANK TRAPS
NEW WAY TO FIGHT
– TRENCH WARFARE
MINES

17. Government Excess & Threats to the Civil Liberties of Americans
3. Schenck v. US – in ordinary times the mailing of the leaflets would have been protected by the st Amendment BUT, every act of speech must be judged acc. to the circumstances in which it was spoken If an act of speech posed a clear and present danger, then Congress had the power to restrain such speech.

18. To prevent strikes, the government established the NATIONAL WAR LABOR BOARD (NWLB) in 1918.
In exchange for wage increases, an 8-hour workday, and the right to organize unions & bargain collectively, the labor leaders agreed not to disrupt war production with a strike.

19. 1917 – Selective Service Act
It was a draft to build up U.S military forces. Passed in May 1917, the act required all men aged 21 to 30 to register for military duty.

20. Stripped Germany of its armed forces
TREATY OF VERSAILLES
Stripped Germany of its armed forces
Pay reimbursement for damages to the Allies
Required Germany to acknowledge GUILT for the outbreak and devastation caused by World War I.
This treaty marked the end of the War!

21. League of Nations – Wilson's 14th POINT
The fourteenth point, known as the
LEAGUE OF NATIONS, called for
member nations to help preserve
peace and prevent future war.
Americans rejected it because it gave
the President powers that did not
have to go through CONGRESS
For Congressional

22. Espionage Act and Sedition Amendment
Espionage Act: Specified of antiwar activities that’s demanded fines or imprisonment
Sedition (treason) Amendment: Provided punishment to anyone using, “disloyal…,
in regard to the U.S government, flag or military.

24. U-Boat=Submarine
The SUSSEX PLEDGE, a promise made by Germany to stop sinking merchant ships, kept the USA out of the war for a bit longer.