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The New Immigrants Changes in American Life 1880-1914 Chapter 21, Section 2
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Essential Questions What does a “new” student have to do in order to “fit-in” into Valhalla 8 th Grade culture? Should English be the national language of the United States? What does the term, “melting pot” mean to YOU?
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Why Did Immigrants Come to the United States?
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“Old” Immigrants vs. “New” Immigrants “Old” Immigrants (Prior to 1890) = Northern and Western Europe –Britain –Ireland –Germany –France “New Immigrants” (After 1890) = Southern and Eastern Europe –Italy –Poland –Russia –Slavic Peoples (Former Yugoslavia: Croatia, Bosnia, Macedonia, Serbia, Albania –Jewish
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Ellis Island 1 st Stop for Immigrants Coming From Europe (Across the Atlantic) Between NY & NJ Screening Station
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Why an Island?
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Processing of Immigrants at Ellis Island The Great Hall (Back Then) Physical Examination Criminal Inspection Entrance Fee
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The Great Hall (Back Then)
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The Great Hall (Today)
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Physical Examinations All Immigrants Were REQUIRED to Pass a Physical Examination Check for Diseases If You Had a Disease……….
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Processing at Ellis Island
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Angel Island Pacific1 st Stop for Immigrants Coming Across the Pacific Ocean Predominantly Asian Faced More Discrimination
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Angel Island Sleeping Arrangements
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Immigration From Mexico Mexicans had to go through Texas $8 Entrance Fee Quick Examination Much Easier to get into U.S. through Texas!
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After Getting Through Ellis Island… Immigrants Went to Cities Settled in the 4 Industrial States of: –Massachusetts –New York –Pennsylvania –Illinois –WHY?
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Ethnic Neighborhoods Immigrants Looked for Help from Americans from the SAME Country Help Find Jobs & Housing Published Newspapers in Native Language Pool $$$ Together for Religion Support Local Political Machine: –Help Them Find Jobs!
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“Little Italy”
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“Chinatown”
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Immigrants in the EAST Most European Immigrants Took Whatever Jobs They Could Find Most Europeans Worked in Factories and Sweatshops! Got Paid Very Little!
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Immigrants in the WEST Asian Immigrants Mostly Settled in the West Immigrants Took Jobs As: –Railroad Workers –Owned Restaurants & Businesses –Sugar Farmers –Fisherman –Miners
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Immigrants in the Southwest Revolution in Mexico in 1910: –Thousands of Mexicans fled to the U.S. Took Jobs as Farmers & Ranchers in California and Texas Took Jobs as Copper Miners in Arizona
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What Does the Term, “Melting Pot” Mean to YOU?
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What Did YOU Have for Dinner Last Night?
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What is an “American” Meal?
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America’s Melting Pot Immigrants Wanted to Assimilate into American Culture –Learn English –Take Citizenship Classes
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America’s Melting Pot!
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Reasons WHY Nativists Feared/Hated Immigrants Take Americans’ Jobs! –Immigrants Would Work for Cheaper Pay! –Would Hurt Unions! Discrimination: –Racial & Religous Immigrants Would Be Controlled by Political Machines –Would Ruin Democracy –Would Vote Whatever Political Machine Wanted
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U.S. Attempts to Limit Immigration in 1882 Congress Passed Laws to Limit Immigration Placed Taxes on Immigrants Coming to the U.S. (Keep Out the Poor) No Beggars/No Criminals/Nobody with Diseases The Chinese Exclusion Act!
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The Chinese Exclusion Act No Chinese Immigration to the United States for 10 Years! Completely Racist!
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The Quota System By the 1920’s, Many Nativists Wanted to Stop Immigration to the U.S. U.S. Created the Quota System Only a Certain % of Immigrants Could Come from Each Country
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Restriction of Immigration Passed by Congress (1882)
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Ellis Island Today
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Ellis Island Today Continued…
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Essential Questions What does a “new” student have to do in order to “fit-in” into Valhalla 8 th Grade culture? Should English be the national language of the United States? What does the term, “melting pot” mean to YOU?
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