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USING APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
BY HOWARD HENDERSON CHAPTER 2 AGRISCIENCE/TECHNOLOGY
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DEFINITION OF AGRISCIENCE
IT IS THE USE OF SCIENCE IN PRODUCING FOOD, FIBER AND SHELTER APPLIED SCIENCE ANSWERS THE QUESTION “WHAT SHOULD I DO?” WHAT CHEMICAL TO USE BASIC SCIENCE ANSWERS THE QUESTION “WHY DOES IT DO WHAT IT DOES?” EX. WHY CHEMICAL WORKS
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TECHNOLOGY PRACTICAL USE OF SCIENCE-USUALLY INCREASES FOOD PRODUCTION
DEVELOPMENT OF BST IN DAIRY TO INCREASE THE AMOUNT OF MILK ONE COW WILL PRODUCE *ADVANTAGE - LESS COWS NEEDED *DISADVANTAGE - LESS DAIRY FARMERS NEEDED
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LEADERSHIP AND TECHNOLOGY
AGRISCIENTISTS AND GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS OFTEN MAKE DECISIONS ABOUT WHAT WILL BE AVAILABLE EXAMPLE WOULD BE IN THE US MONSANTO DEVELOPED A SOYBEAN THAT PRODUCES STERILE SEED;THEY DECIDED NOT TO PUT IT ON THE MARKET
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FOUR AREAS OF SCIENCE MATHEMATICS - WEIGHT TO BUY AND SELL A PRODUCT; LAND SURVEYING PHSICAL SCIENCE - NONLIVING MATTER EARTH SCIENCE/CHEMISTY/PHYSICS EXAMPLE ACCURATE WEATHER/FERTILIZER/LOADING RAMPS
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FOUR AREAS CONT. LIFE SCIENCE - STUDY OF LIVING THINGS INCLUDES BOTONY AND ZOOLOGY WAYS TO MAKE PLANTS AND ANIMALS GROW BETTER SOCIAL SCIENCE -BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE: WHY PEOPLE RESPOND AS THEY DO TO FOOD
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AGRONOMY DEALS WITH THE STUDY OF PLANTS AND HOW THEY RELATE TO THE SOIL PURPOSE IS TO IMPROVE CROP PRODUCTION AND CONSERVE NATURAL RESOURCES
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HORTICULTURE SCIENCE OF GROWING FRUITS,NUTS AND VEGETABLES
ALSO INCLUDES FLOWERS AND ORNAMENTAL SHRUBS AND VINES
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FORESTRY SCIENCE OF GROWING AND USING FORESTS
TWO TYPES OF FORESTS : CULTURED - TREES ARE PLANTED AND CARED FOR NATIVE - TREES THAT GROW WILD;USUALLY A MIXTURE OF TYPES
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ENTOMOLOGY BRANCH OF ZOOLOGY THAT DEALS WITH INSECTS AND RELATED SMALL ANIMALS INCLUDES BENEFICIAL INSECTS -HONEYBEE HARMFUL INSECTS - CORN BORERS
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ANIMAL SCIENCE AREA OF AGRISCIENCE DEALING WITH THE PRODUCTION OF ANIMALS FOR FOOD ANIMALS USED FOR MEAT INCLUDE CATTLE, HOGS, SHEEP, GOATS, BISON, EMUS AND LLAMAS
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POULTRY SCIENCE AREA DEALING WITH RAISING CHICKENS AND RELATED FOWL(BIRDS) MOST IMPORTANT - CHICKENS OTHERS INCLUDE - TURKEYS, DUCKS, GEESE, PHEASANTS, QUAIL, AND GUINEA
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AQUACULTURE IS THE SCIENCE OF WATER FARMING
DEALS WITH BOTH AQUATIC PLANTS AND ANIMALS EXAMPLES OF PLANTS - WATER CHESTNUTS AND WATER CRESS EXAMPLES OF ANIMALS - TROUT AND ALLIGATORS
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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
INVOLVES WAYS OF WISELY USING AND PROTECTING THE THINGS AROUND US EMPHASIS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE INCLUDE THE AIR, SOIL, WATER, WILDLIFE, NATIVE PLANTS AND MINERALS
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MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY
INVOLVES THE USE OF MACHINES AND EQUIPMENT TO DO WORK EXAMPLES ARE DEVELOPING : TRACTORS, GREENHOUSES, PONDS, HARVESTING EQUIPMENT,ETC.
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SCIENTIFIC METHOD FIVE IMPORTANT STEPS
STEP ONE : IDENTIFY THE PROBLEM EXAMPLE - TOO MUCH BACKFAT IN LOCAL PIGS USED FOR SLAUGHTER STEP TWO : GET INFORMATION EXAMPLE - COLLECT DATA FROM SLAUGHTER HOUSES IN AREA
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SCIENTIFIC METHOD CONT.
STEP 3: SUGGEST AN ANSWER EXAMPLE - USE A SUPERIOR BOAR ON AREA SOW HERDS STEP 4 : EXPERIMENT EXAMPLE - FEED OUT OFFSPRING AND COMPARE CUT OUT DATA STEP 5 : FORM CONCLUSIONS EXAMPLE - NEED TO USE NEW GENETICS IN OUR AREA
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RESEARCH AGRISCIENCE RESEARCH IS CARRIED OUT BY LAND-GRANT UNIVERSITIES, AGRICULTURAL AGENCIES, AGRIBUSINESSES AND OTHER GROUPS A FEW FARMS DO RESEARCH
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NEW AREAS OF AGRISCIENCE
BIOTECHNOLOGY GENETIC ENGINEERING REMOTE SENSING LASER TECHNOLGY COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE RADIATION
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BIOTECHNOLOGY EXAMPLES OF BIOTECH : DEVELOPING VACCINES
PRODUCTS THAT WILL CAUSE LIVESTOCK TO PRODUCE MORE MEAT ON LESS FOOD DEVELOPING BACTERIA THAT WILL CONSUME WASTES
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GENETIC ENGINEERING DEVELOP CROPS THAT ARE INSECT RESISTANCE
DEVELOP A TOMATO THAT IS ROT RESISTANCE DEVELOP A CROP PLANT THAT KILLS THE WEEDS AROUND THEM
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REMOTE SENSING INVOLVES GATHERING AND RECORDING DATA FROM A GREAT DISTANCE WEATHER INFORMATION RESOURCE LOCATION CROP PESTS PROTECTING NATURAL RESOURCES
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LASER TECHNOLOGY A DEVICE THAT PRODUCES A SPECIAL KIND OF LIGHT
LAND FORMING MONITORING PROCESSES SCANNING - SUPERMARKETS
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COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE
USING COMPUTERS TO SOLVE PROBLEMS IN AGRISCIENCE DESIGNING FACILITIES DEVELOPING PRODUCTS MODELING NATURAL RESOURCES
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RADIATION USE OF RADIATION
PREVENTING SPOILAGE OF FOOD BY KILLING BACTERIA THAT MAY BE ON OR IN A FOOD PRODUCT KEEPING INSECTS OUT OF STORED FOOD
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ISSUES ASSOCIATED WITH AGRI/TECHNOLOGY
FOOD SAFETY POLLUTION CONSERVATION OF RESOURCES HUMAN RIGHTS : EXAMPLE - FOOD PRODUCTS SHOULD NOT BE IMPORTED FROM A NATION WHERE PESTICIDES ARE BEING USED IMPROPERLY
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