1. Intro. To Agriscience Unit 1, Section A Mrs. Martin 2012-2013

2. Agriscience- The application of scientific principles to agriculture Agriculture- The activities related to the production of plants, animals and related processes. Agribusiness- Refers to commercial firms that have developed from agriculture

3. What is Agriscience? Agriscience is the application of scientific principles to agriculture. 3 Basic Areas of Agriscience Biology- The study of living things Chemistry- Deals with elements and simple substances Biochemistry- Focuses on chemistry as it is applied over living things.

4. What is Agriscience? Application of scientific principles and new technologies Applied science Uses basic sciences in practical ways Biology Chemistry Physics Technology- The application of science to an industrial or commercial purpose High Tech- The use of electronics and state-of-the-art equipment to perform task

5. What is the definition of Agriculture? Agriculture also called farming or husbandry is the production and cultivation of animals, plants, fungi, and other life forms for food, fiber, biofuel and other products used to sustain life. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that nurtured the development of civilization. The study of agriculture is known as agricultural science.

6. What is Agriculture… Continued! Agriculture is also known as the activities concerned with the production of plants, animals, and related supplies, mechanics, products, processing, and marketing. Production agriculture (farming) only accounts for 1/5 th of the total agriculture jobs in the US

7. Agriscience Examples Entomology Uses biology and chemistry to study insect life Definition: Agriculture Engineering Uses physics to develop new machines, tools and implements Definition:

8. Agriscience Examples Agronomy Definition: Uses biology and chemistry to produce and control crops Cotton Soybeans Tobacco Corn Hay and Turf grass

9. Agriscience Examples Biotechnology Definition: Uses biology, genetics, and chemistry to modify or change organisms for a useful purpose

10. Applied Sciences Aquaculture Agricultural Engineering Animal Science Crop Science Agronomy Soil Science Biotechnology Horticulture Hydroponics Definition- The application of one or more of the basic sciences for practical (real life) purposes.

11. Definitions of Applied Sciences Aquaculture: The raising of finfish, shellfish, and other aquatic animals under controlled conditions. Also the management of aquatic environments for production of plants and animals. Agricultural Engineering: The application of engineering principles in agricultural settings

12. Definitions of Applied Sciences Animal Science: The science of animal growth, care, and management. Crop Science: The use of modern principles in growing and managing crops.

13. Definitions of Applied Sciences Agronomy: The science and economics of managing land and field crops. Soil Science: The study of properties and management of soil to grow plants.

14. Definitions of Applied Sciences Biotechnology: The use of cells or components of cells to produce products of processes. Horticulture: The science of producing, processing, and marketing fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants.

15. Definitions of Applied Sciences Hydroponics: The practice of growing plants without soil. University of Arizona Hydroponics Greenhouse, organic tomatoes.

16. Fact: A United States Department of Agricultural study forecast that job opportunities for graduates in agricultural and life sciences will exceed the graduates available in the coming years.

17. What is Agribusiness? Refers to commercial firms that have developed out of agriculture Take a moment to name three agribusinesses in your notes: John Deere Monsanto Tractor Supply

18. How important is agricultural trade to the U.S. economy? The United States is now the world’s largest agricultural exporter. The value of agricultural exports equals nearly one- fourth of farm cash receipts, about twice the level of the overall U.S. economy, and 1 out of 3 acres are planted for export.

19. How much of its agricultural products does the United States export? American farmers export: 45 percent of their wheat 34 percent of their soybeans 71 percent of their almonds More than 60 percent of their sunflower oil.

20. What would happen if US Agricultural Production stopped today? In 3-5 days: The American economy would begin to collapse. Most American homes do not have enough food to last more than 3 days and not enough water on hand for more than 1 day. Economic Example: Stock markets crashed after 9/11, driven by “the mood” (fears and confidences) of the public. Emergency Example: Hurricane Katrina- Riots, looting, grocery stores bare in a matter of hours.

21. What would happen… Continued. In 5 -7 days: The entire World would begin to suffer the same economic collapse. Humanitarian aid to 3 rd World or war torn countries would have stopped completely. Northern European countries that rely on imports from America would begin to suffer a food shortage. Finland, Sweden, Norway: No fruit? No meat? No veggies?

22. Where would we be without Agriculture? Naked +Hungry=

23. What happens next?