1. Map Skills

2. Lesson 1 Sphere- A round ball-the shape of the earth 3-D
Orbit- the path of the earth around the sun
Axis- An imaginary line that runs from north to south pole through the middle of the earth
Hemisphere- half of a sphere. There are 4
North, South, East, West

3. Questions 1. In what two ways does the earth move?
Rotates and Revolves
2. What causes the changes in the seasons?
The tilt of the earth on it’s axis

4. 3. In what ways is Aristotle correct in his ideas about the earth?
Aristotle was correct in saying that the earth was a sphere.
4. What do we know about the earth that Aristotle did not know?
That the earth is in constant motion

5. Lesson 2
Grid-
A system that uses lines of longitude and latitude to find location
Latitude –
lines that run east and west on the globe that measure distances north and south of the equator
Parallel –
Another way to describe the lines of latitude that never intersect
Longitude-
Lines that run north and south on the globe that measure distances east and west of the prime meridian

6. Vocabulary continued Meridian
Another term to describe the lines of longitude
Prime Meridian
The major line of longitude from which all other lines are measured. 0 degrees longitude
International date line
The point at which the day begins

7. Questions
1. What were Ptolemy's contributions to the study of geography?
Ptolemy gave the first picture of the known world
3. What special meridians divide the world into eastern and western hemispheres?
The Prime Meridian and the International Date Line

8. Questions
4. What are the 2 kinds of lines that form a grid that Ptolemy drew on his map?
Lines of longitude and lines of latitude
5. Why are grids placed on a map?
To find location

9. Vocabulary Odometer-A device used in measuring distance
Scale-Shows the relationship between a model size and the actual size
Elevation-The distance on land above sea level
Altitude- The distance above sea level
Contour Line- A way to show on a map the distance above sea level.

10. Questions
1.What was the reason for Ptolemy's mistake about the size of the earth?
He had no way to know with the technology available to him
2. How did the Roman odometer work?
It was a device with a wheel and a round stone.
3. What is the purpose of the map scale?
To show true size in relation to model size
4. In what two ways can elevation be shown on a map?
Color relief and contour line

11. Vocabulary Cartographer A person who makes maps Satellite
An object that is made to travel around the earth

12. Questions
How do photographs taken from directly above the earth surface help make better maps?
Photographs have an exact degree on accuracy
2. How has exploration of space helped cartographers make better maps?
It removes distortion by getting a look at the entire surface

13. Vocabulary Projection-
A way to show a drawing of the earth on a flat surface
Distortion
A difference in what is true and what is perceived.

14. Questions
Why do map makers have a problem making a flat map of the world?
It is very difficult to create a flat model of a round object without distortion.
2. How has exploration of space helped cartographers make better maps?
Satellite pictures give us a real photo and a true representation of the earth’s surface

15. Vocabulary Atlas - A book of maps
Isthmus- A narrow strip of land that connects two larger land masses together
Climate – Temperature and precipitation over time
Humidity – The amount of moisture
in the air.
Precipitation – Water falling to the earth surface in the form of rain, snow, sleet, or hail
Population Density – the amount of people living in a given area.

16. Questions
Why is a collection of maps called an Atlas? Because in ancient times it was believed that the god Atlas held up the earth.
What are the names of the four oceans?
Atlantic, Pacific, Arctic, Indian
3. What are the names of the seven continents? North America, South America, Asia, Europe, Antarctica, Australia, Africa

17. Questions
4. What is the difference between an physical map and a political map?
A physical map shows topographical features of the earth. A political map shows boundaries.
5. What kinds of maps can be found in an atlas?
All types of maps. Political, physical, population, climatic

18. Vocabulary Anno Domini- In the year of our Lord
Century- A term given for a 100 year period
Decade- A term given for a 10 year period
Circa- A term given for the words around or about
Time line- A way of keeping important events recorded in time.

19. Questions
What practice still used today was begun by Dionysius the Little? The practice of numbering years in relationship to the Birth of Christ.
What century do we live in?
21st
3. What is the difference between a century and a decade?
A century is 100 years a decade is 10 years