2. Licensing Agreement I have read, understand, and agree to the terms and conditions of the licensing agreement set forth by Awesome Guides, Inc. for this virtual field trip CD, and the virtual field trip series. Failure to abide to this agreement constitutes criminal activity by federal, state and local laws. By pressing the accept button below, or by using any part of this legally or otherwise purchased/acquired show, you are entering into a legal and binding contract and accept and agree to the terms as outlined by the licensing agreement. AcceptDecline

3. Navigation Index NOTE: Navigation Buttons Work in TV Presentation View ONLY End Show Begin Show What is natural gas? What is natural gas 2? Natural gas cycle Natural gas cycle 2 Natural gas extraction Nat. gas plant locations Power overview Control Room Power flow diagrams Combined cycle power Gas/steam turbines Gas/steam turbines 2 Power generation Steam turbine blades Gas turbine operation Steam turbine engine Cooling towers Environmental impacts Water chemistry lab Environmental impacts 2 Nitrogen oxides Nitrogen oxides 2 Carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide 2 Methane Methane 2

4. Navigation Index NOTE: Navigation Buttons Work in TV Presentation View ONLY End Show Begin Show Average emissions in the US Comparison of Emissions from power generation technol. Water resource use Water resouese use 2 Credits TV presentation instructions

5. Natural Gas Power Facility Virtual Field Trip (Your guide to the operations of natural gas power generation) by: Awesome Guides, Inc. Pen

6. Natural gas is a fossil fuel formed when layers of buried plants and animals are exposed to intense heat and pressure over thousands of years. The energy that the plants and animals originally obtained from the sun is stored in the form of carbon. It is colorless, shapeless, and in its pure form, odorless. What is Natural Gas? Natural gas is found both on and off shore!

7. Natural gas is combusted to generate electricity, enabling stored energy to be transformed into usable power. Natural gas is a nonrenewable resource because it cannot be replenished on a human time frame.

8. Natural Gas Cycle! Natural gas is treated at a refinery!

9. Natural Gas Cycle! Most natural gas is transported via pipeline!

10. Christmas Tree underground natural gas extraction Natural Gas Extraction

11. Only a small number free- flowing gas formations exist in U.S. gas fields. Therefore, a pumping system is required to extract the gas. A "horse head" pump rocks up and down lifting a rod in and out of a well bore, bringing gas to the surface. Natural Gas Reserves and Extraction

12. Natural Gas Power Plant Locations

13. Natural Gas Power Generation Overview Water circulates (blue in diagram) from the boiler (steam) to the turbine, and returns to the boiler, after the condenser, as water. Gas Burners

14. Control Room Facilities Operator Monitoring Controls

15. Power Generation Flow Diagrams

16. . Combined-cycle plants natural gas in a two- step electrical generation system. Combined Cycle Power Generation

17. Condensing Steam Turbine Generator Natural gas, burned like a jet engine, drives the generator! Gas Turbine Gas and Steam Turbines

18. Oil or natural gas can run gas turbines. Gas turbines, burn fuel in a high-pressure combustion chamber producing hot gases that pass directly through a turbine, spinning a generator to produce electricity. The turbine also spins a compressor to provide high-pressure air to the combustion chamber. This cycle is different from the steam turbine, where the heat of combustion turns water to steam, which pushes the turbine. Steam Turbine Blades

19. The most efficient way for utilities to use gas or oils is in a combined-cycle system, which combines two means of producing electricity. Hot gases from the combustion chamber spin the gas turbine and the generator to make electricity. The system then pipes the still-hot exhaust gases leaving the combustion turbine to a 'waste heat' steam boiler where their heat produces steam. The steam turns a turbine, connected to a second generator, to produce electricity. Condensers convert the steam to water that returns to the boiler to repeat the cycle.

20. Steam Turbine Blades (Steam Turbine Blade Installation)

21. Gas Turbine in Operation The gas turbine room is extremely loud, like the jet engine that runs it.

22. Steam Turbine Core Engine Turbine Blades Steam Turbine

23. Cooling Tower Basin Cooling Tower Structures Cooling Tower Basin Movie Cooling Towers

24. Environmental Impacts Environmental Monitoring Stations (EMS) are used as an effective method of recording meteorological & environmental data.

25. Water Chemistry Lab

26. What are the Environmental Impacts? Compact flue gas analyzer for combustion analysis, and boiler emissions monitoring.

27. Nitrogen Oxides Typical NOx Emissions in Major Cities

28. Nitrogen oxides (NOx) include various nitrogen compounds like nitrogen dioxide and nitric oxide. These compounds play an important role in atmospheric reactions that create ground-level ozone and acid rain. Ozone is formed when and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) react in the presence of heat and sunlight. Nitrogen oxides form when fuels are burned at high temperatures. The two major sources of nitrogen oxides are transportation vehicles and stationary combustion sources, such as electric utility and industrial boilers. Nitrogen Oxides

29. Global Carbon Dioxide Emissions

30. Burning fossil fuels releases carbon, stored underground for millions of years, into the atmosphere. Carbon in fossil fuels is transformed into carbon dioxide, the predominant gas contributing to the greenhouse effect. Combustion of fossil fuels increases emissions of CO 2 and other gases, such as methane. Human endeavors accelerate heat-trapping processes in the atmosphere, gradually raising average worldwide temperatures. While CO 2 is absorbed and released at nearly equal rates by natural processes on the earth, this equilibrium is disrupted when large amounts of carbon dioxide are released to the atmosphere by human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels. Carbon Dioxide

31. Methane Typical Methane Emissions in North America

32. Methane is a greenhouse gases that traps heat in the atmosphere, resulting in a greenhouse effect. It is the 2nd-most prevalent greenhouse gas emitted by U.S. sources. Methanes contribution to global warming is significant and is estimated to be 21 times more effective at trapping heat in the atmosphere than CO 2. Currently, methane represents approximately 10% of the greenhouse gas emissions from U.S. activities that contribute to global warming. Over the last two centuries, methane's concentration in the atmosphere is more than 2x due to several human activities, including municipal solid waste (MSW) in producing natural gas and petroleum, mining coal, and burning fossil fuels. Methane emissions from the production and processing of fossil fuels contribute to almost 1/3 of the total methane emitted in the U.S.

33. The average emission rates in the US from natural gas-fired generation are: 1135 lbs/MWh of CO 2, 0.1 lbs/MWh of SO 2, and 1.7 lbs/MWh of NOx Compared to the average air emissions from coal- fired generation, natural gas produces 1/2 as much CO 2, less than 1/3 as much NOx, and 1% as much SO 2 Thermal Scan of Exhaust Smokes Stacks photo provided by Sierra Pacific Industries

34. Comparison of Emissions from Power Generation

35. Water Resource Use Uses of Public Water Supply In the US 1995

36. Water Resource Use The burning of natural gas in combustion turbines requires very little water. However, a natural gas- fired boiler and combined cycle systems do require water for cooling purposes. If power plants remove water from a lake or river, fish and other aquatic life can be killed, affecting animals and people who depend on these aquatic resources. Many power plants use ground water rather than surface water.

37. Credits Mayfield Electric & Water Systems

38. TV Presentation Instructions 1.Each presentation opens to slide 1 of the navigation index list of slides. Press button to go only to the LAST slide viewed. Click speaker on slides with voice to replay sound. 2. You can easily navigate through the index of slides or the virtual field trip slides by using the up (back)* and down (forward) keyboard arrow keys, the forward button, or by clicking the left mouse button (forward only). 3. Use the buttons to go to the next slide during the virtual field trip or to a particular slide from the index page; use the button to return to the first index slide. 4. You can always press the button from an index slide to begin the field trip starting at the first virtual slide. 5. You can end a slide show by returning to any index slide using by pressing the button. End Show Return to Index Page 1 * You will need to press the up (back) arrow key twice or more on slides with speaker (voice) icons on them.

39. Awesome Guides, Inc. (AGI) LICENSE AGREEMENT SINGLE-USER PRODUCTS THIS IS A LEGAL AGREEMENT BETWEEN YOU (EITHER AN INDIVIDUAL OR AN ENTITY) AND AGI MULTIMEDIA Inc., AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES AND AFFILIATES ("AGI"). THIS AGREEMENT IS GOVERNED BY THE INTERNAL SUBSTANTIVE LAWS OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA (AND NOT BY THE 1980 UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON CONTRACTS FOR THE INTERNATIONAL SALE OF GOODS, AS AMENDED). BY INSTALLING OR USING THE SOFTWARE, YOU AGREE TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT, REMOVE THE PRODUCT FROM YOUR HARD DRIVE AND PERMANENTLY ERASE ALL COPIES OF THE PRODUCT. IF YOU ARE THE ORIGINAL INSTALLER OF THE SOFTWARE YOU MAY PROMPTLY RETURN THE SOFTWARE (INCLUDING PRINTED MATERIALS) WITH PROOF OF PURCHASE TO THE PLACE WHERE IT WAS PURCHASED FOR A FULL REFUND OF THE AMOUNT PAID OR STORE CREDIT (AS APPLICABLE). AGI SOFTWARE LICENSE GRANT OF LICENSE. This License Agreement permits you to use one copy of AGI software (the "Software"), which may include electronic documentation, on a single computer/workstation. The Software is "in use" on a computer when it is loaded into the temporary memory (i.e., RAM or Cache) or installed into permanent memory (e.g., hard disk, CD-ROM drive, or other storage device) of that computer. This License does not constitute a sale and does not authorize a sale of the Software or anything created thereby. All intellectual property (including copyright, trademark and patent) in the Software, including all animations, audio, images, maps, music, photographs, video, and text incorporated into the Software, are owned by AGI and its affiliates, suppliers and licensors, and are protected by United States laws and international treaty provisions. AGI and its affiliates, suppliers and licensors retain all rights not expressly granted. You must treat the Software like any other copyrighted material, except that you may make one copy of the Software solely for backup or archival purposes. You may transfer your rights under this Agreement on a permanent basis provided you transfer the license granted by this Agreement, and the Software and all associated printed materials, and you retain no copies, and the recipient agrees to all of the terms of this Agreement. ·You may not use the software on or over a network or any other transfer device (including the Internet) except in a manner using the network and online functions included in the Software, if any. Use of the Software on more than one computer constitutes copyright infringement and may be punishable by civil fines, criminal penalties, or both. ·You may not rent or lease the Software, but schools and libraries may lend the Software to third parties provided the Software is in CD format and each end user is given a copy of this License Agreement which will govern the use of such Software. ·You may not modify, translate, reverse engineer, decompile, or disassemble the Software, except to the extent that this restriction is expressly prohibited by applicable law. ·You may not remove any proprietary notices or labels in the Software. ·You may not copy the printed materials accompanying the Software or distribute printed copies of any user documentation provided in electronic format. ·You may not publicly perform or publicly display the Software.,

40. The restrictions contained herein apply equally to hybrid CD-ROMs which may contain multiple versions of the Software for use on different operating systems. Regardless of the type of media you receive, you may use only the portion appropriate for your single-user computer/workstation. In the event you fail to comply with any of the terms or conditions of this license, your rights to use the Software will end, you shall stop using the Software, remove the Software from your computer, and permanently erase all copies of the Software. You may not export or reexport the Software or any underlying information or technology except in full compliance with all United States and other applicable laws and regulations. LIMITED WARRANTY LIMITED WARRANTY. AGI and its affiliates, suppliers and licensors warrant to the original installer of the Software, for a period of ninety (90) days from the date of purchase, that the media on which the Software is distributed is substantially free from defects in materials and workmanship. ANY AND ALL OTHER IMPLIED WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE SOFTWARE AND THE ACCOMPANYING WRITTEN MATERIALS, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, ARE EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMED. REMEDIES. Your exclusive remedy shall be, at AGI's sole option, (a) the refund of the amount you paid for the Software or (b) repair or replacement of the Software, provided that the defective Software is returned to AGI (at Awesome Guides, Inc. 127 West Fairbanks Ave, Suite #421, Winter Park, Florida, 32789. Telephone: (407) 678-1860 along with proof of the date of purchase within ninety (90) days from the date of purchase. This Limited Warranty is void if failure of the Software has resulted from accident, abuse, neglect or misapplication. Any replacement Software will be warranted for the remainder of the original warranty period or thirty (30) days, whichever is longer. Except as set forth above, the Software is sold "as-is", without any express or implied warranties of any kind. LIMITATION OF LIABILITIES. IN NO EVENT WILL AGI OR ITS AFFILIATES, SUPPLIERS AND LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, ECONOMIC, COVER, CONSEQUENTIAL, EXEMPLARY OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF OR INABILITY TO USE THE SOFTWARE, USER DOCUMENTATION, OR RELATED TECHNICAL SUPPORT, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES OR COSTS RELATING TO THE LOSS OF PROFITS, BUSINESS, GOODWILL, DATA, TIME OR COMPUTER PROGRAMS, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. IN NO EVENT WILL TLC'S AND ITS AFFILIATES', SUPPLIERS' AND LICENSORS' LIABILITY EXCEED THE AMOUNT PAID BY YOU FOR THE SOFTWARE REGARDLESS OF THE FORM OF THE CLAIM (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY CONTRACT, PRODUCT LIABILITY, OR TORT CLAIM). BECAUSE SOME JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, THE ABOVE LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU. MISCELLANEOUS AGI may cancel, change, modify, discontinue, terminate or charge a fee at any time for any reason for the online services advertised as part of this product. No change or modification of the License will be valid unless it is in writing and is signed by AGI. The provisions of this Agreement are severable; if any provision is held to be invalid or unenforceable, it shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision. If the Software was acquired outside the United States, then local law may apply. U.S. GOVERNMENT RESTRICTED RIGHTS. The Software and user documentation is provided with RESTRICTED RIGHTS

41. The Software and user documentation is provided with RESTRICTED RIGHTS AND LIMITED RIGHTS. Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013 or subparagraphs (c)(1) and (2) of the Commercial Computer Software--Restricted Rights at 48 CFR 52.227-19, as applicable. Awesome Guides, Inc. 127 West Fairbanks Ave, Suite #421, Winter Park, Florida, 32789. Telephone: (407) 678-1860) IMPORTANT NOTE: In order to receive notification of product upgrades and enhancements, please register this product. CONDITIONS FOR USE These are Conditions For Use of the Properties contained in the Software. If you do not accept these conditions and you are the original installer of the Software, you may promptly return the Software (including all printed materials) with proof of purchase to the place it was purchased for a full refund. All characters, designs, text, photos, clip art, fonts, graphics, templates and projects contained in the Software (the "Properties") are either owned by or used under license by AGI Multimedia ("AGI") and are protected under trademark, copyright, and other applicable laws. Any and all unauthorized use of the Properties is strictly prohibited. You may not sell any Property or any item containing or carrying a copy of any Property. Subject to the restrictions described below, you may make copies of the Properties for use in home entertainment and projects, for educational purposes, in advertisements, public or private presentations, business communications, multimedia presentations, and other similar uses. For example, subject to the restrictions described below, you may use the Properties to create posters, stationery, greeting cards, signs, invitations, calendars, reports, catalogs, brochures and newsletters. All rights in derivative works created by the use of a Property shall vest exclusively in AGI or its licensors. Each authorized use of a Property must be accompanied by the following notice: "(c) 2001 TLC Productivity Properties LLC, and its licensors. All rights reserved." YOU ARE NOT PERMITTED TO: * Use any images included in this product containing trademarks or logos of any third-party in any print or electronic media of an editorial, commercial, promotional, or corporate nature.

42. Resell or sublicense or distribute collections of the Properties including, for example, clip art collections, photo collections or stock collections. * Sell any item on which any Property is copied or otherwise printed. * Use any of the Properties as a logo, trademark or similar designation of your business. * Use any individual's or entity's name, likeness, and/or image in any manner which suggests the endorsement or association of any product or service. For example, you may use a photo of an animal in an advertisement, but you may not use the image of a person. * Use any Property in or to create any immoral, obscene or scandalous works. * Use any Property in electronic format, including on-line use, and multimedia applications, unless all of the following conditions are met: The Properties are incorporated for viewing purposes only. The Properties do not comprise a significant portion of the content of the proposed use. A notice is included specifying that the Properties may not be saved or downloaded and are only to be used for viewing purposes. The Properties are embedded at no higher than a base resolution of 512x768. AcceptDecline

43. Drawing on Slides To mark up slides during a presentation……….. To mark up slides during a presentation……….. During your slide show, right-click and point to Pointer Options. Note You must be in Slide Show view to see the Pointer Options command. To switch to the Slide Show view, on the View menu, click Slide Show. During your slide show, right-click and point to Pointer Options. Note You must be in Slide Show view to see the Pointer Options command. To switch to the Slide Show view, on the View menu, click Slide Show. Click Pen. Click Pen. Hold your mouse button down as you write or draw on your slides. Hold your mouse button down as you write or draw on your slides. You can also choose a different color for marking by pointing to Pen Color and clicking a color. If you don't want to disrupt the continuity of your presentation by right-clicking and navigating through menus, or you are using a Macintosh platform, you can use the keyboard shortcut CTRL+P to switch to using the pen and CTRL+U or ESC to revert back to the automatic pointer. You can also choose a different color for marking by pointing to Pen Color and clicking a color. If you don't want to disrupt the continuity of your presentation by right-clicking and navigating through menus, or you are using a Macintosh platform, you can use the keyboard shortcut CTRL+P to switch to using the pen and CTRL+U or ESC to revert back to the automatic pointer. Your markings are erased automatically when you move to the next slide. To move to the next slide when you are using the pen, use the DOWN ARROW key. Your markings are erased automatically when you move to the next slide. To move to the next slide when you are using the pen, use the DOWN ARROW key. Back to Usage Slide