1. Common Knee Injuries

2. Knee Structure (http://theknee.com/)

3. Strength of the Knee (Stability)
The stability of the joint is based on all parts working together. Ligaments hold the joint in the correct position and the meniscus is the cartilage that sits between the bones acting as the shock absorber.

4. Ligament Tears
Grades
I : less than 1/3 of ligament fibers are damaged or torn
II : between 1/3 and 2/3 of ligament fibers are damaged or torn
III : more than 2/3 of ligament fibers are damaged or torn (usually ruptured!)

5. ACL Tear
Anterior
Cruciate
Ligament

6. Anterior Cruciate Ligament
Orthopedic Test = Anterior Drawer Test

7. Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)

8. Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)
Mechanism of Injury : hyperextension or changing directions quickly or slowing down quickly
Often hear a pop

9. Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)
Mechanism of Injury : knee is forced backward
Dashboard Injury

10. Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)
Orthopedic Test : Posterior Sag Test

11. Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL)

12. Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL)
Mechanism of Injury : Varus force (force from inside causes ligament to rupture on lateral side)

13. Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL)
Orthopedic Test : Varus Stress Test

14. Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)

15. Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)
Mechanism of Injury : Valgus force from outside forces ligament on inside to tear

16. Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)
Orthopedic Test : Valgus Stress Test

17. Meniscal Tear
Tears can occur from TWISTING, Hyperflexion, or Hyperextension
This is the shock absorber of the knee – any damage can result in a weekend joint, pain, fluid and other issues.

18. Types of
Meniscus
Tears

20. Meniscus Tear
Orthopedic Test : Mc Murray’s

21. Patella Dislocation

22. Patella Dislocation Patella dislocates LATERALLY
Orthopedic Test : Apprehension Test

23. Patellar Tendinitis (Jumper’s Knee)

24. IT Band Syndrome (Runner’s Knee)

25. IT Band Syndrome Caused by irritation of IT band
Pain is usually felt down in the lateral knee
Go by signs and symptoms