1. Destiny Lopez Dulce Lopez My Nguyen
Knee Injuries
Destiny Lopez
Dulce Lopez
My Nguyen

2. Parts of the Knee

3. The Knee Joint Bones: Menisci Ligaments: Femur Tibia Fibula Patella
Medial Meniscus
Lateral Meniscus
Ligaments:
MCL- Medial Collateral Ligament
LCL- Lateral Collateral Ligament
ACL- Anterior Cruciate Ligament
PCL- Posterior Cruciate Ligament
ACL
PCL
Medial
Meniscus
LCL
Lateral
Meniscus
MCL

4. Knee Sprains
Sprain-Ligament stretching or tearing
Grade-one sprains stretch the ligament but don't tear the fibers
Grade-two sprains partially tear the fibers, but the ligament remains intact
Grade-three sprains are tears that completely disrupt the ligament

5. The Anterior Cruciate Ligament and the Posterior Cruciate Ligament
ACL- located internally in the front of the knee , prevents the knee from sliding forward
PCL- located behind the knee and forms an "X" on the inside of the knee and prevent the knee from sliding backward
Signs and Symptoms of injury:
Swelling in the knee occurs within minutes
Athlete may be in mild to severe pain
Walking is difficult
Treatment:
See your Athletic Trainer or Orthopedic Doctor
Long-term treatment may require surgery and significant physical therapy rehabilitation
Recovery usually takes average of 6 months
Full function, mobility, strength and comfort typically return at about 1 year

6. The Medial Cruciate Ligament and the Lateral Cruciate Ligament
MCL- ligament on the inside of the knee, prevents knee from sliding side to side
LCL- ligament located on the outside of the knee, prevents knee from sliding side to side

7. Possible Injuries: Torn LCL
Treatment:
-See your Athletic Trainer or Orthopedic Doctor
-Rest
-Wear a range of motion restricted brace
Ice
Elevate
Surgery may be required
Rehabiliation
-Program will be created by Physical Therapist or Athletic Trainer
-Depending on level of sprain, recovery may take 2 weeks to several months
-A LCL tears when stress is placed on the inside of the knee
Ex. Kicked from medial (inside) of knee
-The picture above shows a hit to the inside of the knee.

8. The Meniscus
-Meniscus: Functions as a cushion between bones
The cartilage of the knee can be acutely injured or can gradually tear.
Signs and Symptoms:
Pain with walking up/down inclines
“Giving away” of the knee
Swelling occurs gradually over many hours
See Athletic Trainer or Orthopedic Doctor for full evaluation

9. Patellar (Knee Cap) Injuries
The kneecap sits within the tendon of the quadriceps muscle, in front of the femur, just above the knee joint.
It is held in place by the quadriceps muscles
- The patella typically subluxates/dislocates laterally (toward the outside of the knee).
Dislocations are returned to the normal position by straightening out the knee
See your Athletic Trainer or Orthopedic Doctor for full evaluation
Rehabilitation will be needed

10. Bursae
Bursa- fluid-filled sac that reduces friction between muscles, tendons and bones
Inflammation of the bursas (bursitis) can occur because of direct blows, chronic use and/or abuse.
Rehab
-See your Athletic Trainer or Orthopedic Doctor
-Avoiding aggravating movements such as kneeling
-Wear knee pads
-If the swelling persists, a medical professional may drain the fluid within or around the bursa.
-In cases where the bursa has become infected, antibiotics may be prescribed
-In more serious cases the bursa may be completely removed by surgical procedures.

11. Credits http://www.emedicinehealth.com/knee_injury/article_em.htm