2. Bones o Femur, Tibia, Patella Ligaments o Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) o Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) o Cruciate = Crossing o Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) o Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL) o Collateral = support / at the side Meniscus o Medial and lateral Meniscus

5. Valgus forces Swelling over the medial joint line Decrease in ROM Grade 2 or higher should be placed in a straight leg immobilizer with crutches Typically does not require surgery for repair

6. http://www.sportsmd.com/SportsMD_ WatchVideo/vid/313.aspx http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPS XIltT0Bshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPS XIltT0Bs (MUTE) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j_M dm4v- ty8&feature=results_video&playnext=1 &list=PLDD2266210072D934

8. Rare injury Very awkward mechanism Varus force the angle pointing away from the midline Force from the medial side of knee No surgery RG III http://espn.go.com/nfl/story/_/id/8729737/robert-griffin-iii- washington-redskins-does-not-major-knee-injury

10. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ubP- 1WaFeEc

11. Very rare May not need to be repaired Strongest but least important ligament in the knee Hyperflexion Often occurs when falling with a bent knee Common in car accidents when the knee hits the dashboard Posterior Drawer Test

13. Contact or non-contact Usually considered a “cutting” injury “pop” with immediate dysfunction Usually associated with meniscus injury 95% of cases require some surgery for return to sports 6 to 8 month rehabilitation Autograft vs. Allograft http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qrv HzaDxBug&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lpIO MuqXWrE&feature=related

16. “cartilage” Shock absorbers Increase joint congruency Increase joint stability Injury Mechanism o Rotation o Extreme knee flexion

17. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wu VHWZX91KY

19. Decrease swelling/ecchymosis/pain Increase ROM Increase strength o Within 85% of the uninvolved leg Increase weight bearing Increase function Return to partial activity Return to full activity

24. ACL o Lachmans Lachmans o Anterior Drawer o Pivot-shift Pivot-shift MCL o Valgus Stress Test Valgus Stress Test LCL o Varus Stress Test Varus Stress Test PCL o Posterior Drawer Meniscus o McMurray Test McMurray Test o Bounce Home Bounce Home Patellofemoral Tests

25.  Knee Replacement Surgery Knee Replacement Surgery

26.  Rugby is dangerous to the knees. Rugby is dangerous to the knees.  Basketball Dislocation. Basketball Dislocation.  The U. The U.  Houston’s football team is terrible. Houston’s football team is terrible.