1. The Beginnings
Cold War- Pt 1

2. Post-War Tensions US, Britain, and Soviet Union: Allies during WWII
Tensions started b/c of post-war Europe
Couldn’t agree on who should do what
Germany and its capital Berlin divided into 4 occupation zones
Soviets (Communists) in East Berlin
Americans, British, and French (Capitalist/ Democratic) in West Berlin
West Europe
US/British Forces
East Europe
Soviet Forces

3. Who were the two leading superpowers following World War II?

4. Occupied Berlin
Occupied Germany

5. Post-War Tensions
Stalin thought capitalist nations were against his communist state
Wanted strong buffer zones to protect from capitalists
“The West” (US, W. Europe) believed Soviets were aggressive; they wanted to spread communism
Communism was threat to democracy and capitalism

7. What political ideology did the United States and the Soviet Union support?

8. 2 Different Ideologies (Ideas)
The Cold War is a fight between two ideas: Communism vs Capitalism
Communism (command economy)
Capitalism (free enterprise, market economy
government determines what to make, how to make it, who gets it
Government owns production (all business, materials)
No private property- everything is “shared” so everyone has what they need (in theory)
No extreme rich, no extreme poor- everyone is equal (in theory) and has the same amount
Karl Marx wrote Communist Manifesto: ideas about communism
economy determined by supply & demand; by the people
Production (business) is privately owned (not state/government owned)
Private property is respected and protected by law
Leads to rich and poor, different classes

9. 2 Different Ideologies (Ideas)
These ideas are totally opposite!
US and Soviet Union competing to spread their ideology after WWI
We were both Superpowers and wanted more countries on our side
Why did the opposing ideologies of the Soviet Union and US cause conflict?

10. Cold War Cold War- tension between U.S. and U.S.S.R. after WWII
Its “cold” because there is no direct fighting between these two
They each tried to control politics and economies of other countries to side with them
Both nations directly supported “hot” wars between other nations- called proxy wars
Would send troops to help one side, but not technically fighting each other
Ex: Korea, Vietnam
Disagreed over future of Cuba

12. Iron Curtain
Stalin refused Eastern Europe (like Poland) to have free elections
Instead, he put in communist governments
Those countries became puppet states
Were a “buffer” between U.S.S.R. and the West
Churchill said these states fell behind an “Iron Curtain”
Used to describe life under Soviet Union
Line dividing East and West Europe

13. Draw a line representing the “Iron Curtain” divide in Europe

15. “…an iron curtain has descended across the continent…the capitals of Eastern Europe…which were small…has been raised to pre-eminence and power…seeking everywhere to obtain totalitarian control…this is certainly not the liberated Europe we fought to build up. Nor is it one which contains the essentials of permanent peace.” — Winston Churchill

16. STAAR PRACTICE

17. Why is it called a “cold war?”
BIG IDEA
Why is it called a “cold war?”