1. Culture
Mrs. McVey

2. What is “Culture”?
Culture is a shared set of beliefs, values and traditions of a group of people
Culture defines how people in a society behave in relation to other people and physical objects (symbols)

3. Culture
People often stress differences among culture and overlook similarities. Most groups of people have the same sorts of patterns and society. What are some of the ways cultures are similar?

4. Components of Culture?
So what makes CULTURE? Brainstorm….

5. Cultural Universals
Cultural universals exits because people are so similar biologically..
Cultural universals are traits that exist in all cultures
Government, family
Cultural particulars are ways in which a culture expresses universal traits
Matriarchal vs. patriarchal
What makes them different

6. Westlandia

7. Cultural Universals

8. Cultural Universals

9. Cultural universal & cultural particular

10. Cultural Universals p. 91
ON the BACK list cultural universals, then give particulars to your culture
On the FRONT draw a picture that best represents your culture
Economy Traditions
Family Holidays
Government Sports
Religion Music
Education Clothing
Nebraska culture
Language: “the good life” “we don’t coast”
Sports: Football, volleyball (Huskers)
Symbols: The “N”, corn, flag
Staple crop: Corn, soybeans

11. Example of the back of your postcard:
Hawaiian culture
Language: “hang ten” “surf’s up”
Dress: bathing suits, flip flops, beach ware
Climate: Sunshine and beach, diamond head
Music: Ukulele?
Symbols: flag, sun, beach
Nebraska culture
Language: “the good life” “we don’t coast”
Sports: Football, volleyball (Huskers)
Symbols: The “N”, corn, flag
Staple crop: Corn, soybeans

12. Culture Postcard
ON the BACK list cultural universals (4), then give particulars to your culture
Example – culture is Bellevue West: Language: “It’s a great day to be a t-bird” or “t-birds fly together”
On the FRONT draw a picture that best represents your culture
Examples: teenage culture, Nebraska culture, Florida culture, Japanese culture, football culture, color guard culture, Harry Potter culture

13. Culture
Culture is learned…transmitted…passed down from generation to generation
But at the same time, culture is always evolving (changing). Why?
Technological advances
Interactions from different groups
Cultural blending

14. Language and Culture
Humans create & transmit culture
Symbols
Language

15. Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
Also known as the Hypothesis of Linguistic Relativity
Language is our guide to reality—people confine themselves to language & vocab they learned from birth
People can begin to view the world differently as they learn a new language or vocablulary

16. Language Vocabulary tells you about a culture—Linguistic Relativity
Before Christian missionaries went to Asia there was no work for “sin” in the Chinese language and no word to express the idea of a single, all powerful God in areas of Africa and Polynesia

17. Linguistic Relativity cont
Time is important in the US so we have lots of words to describe time: minutes, second, moment, hour, era, afternoon, dusk, annual, evening, etc.
English has only a few words to describe snow but Inuit (Eskimo) language has over 20 words for snow

18. Culture defined
Knowledge, values, customs, and physical objects that are shared by members of a society
Norms
Beliefs
Values
Materialistic objects

19. Norms Objective: to understand and describe the three types of norms
Folkways
Mores
Laws

20. Norms: Rules we live by
NORMS are Rules defining appropriate & inappropriate behavior—explain why people act similarly
--Do’s and Taboos Around the World
Folkways: traditional ways of thinking/acting that lack moral reasons
Mores: norms with moral significance--taboos
Laws: formally defined & enforced by officials
Dumb Laws

21. Sociology Norm Practice
By yourself or with one other person, apply the three different types of norms
Indicate whether the statement reflects a folkway (F), a more (M), or a law (L)

22. Sociology Norm Practice
Norm against cursing aloud in a place of worship such as a church or mosque More Norm encouraging eating three meals a day Folkway Norm against burning a national flag Norm encouraging sleeping in a bed Norm prohibiting murder Law
Currently, flag burning is not illegal in the United States. The Supreme Court of the United States in its decision from 1969 has ruled that the burning of the flag is protected by the First Amendment. However, the person who burnt the flag can be found guilty of a misdemeanor for starting a fire without a permit.

23. Sociology Norm Practice
Norm against overtime parking 
Law
Norm to pay back borrowed money 
More
Norm to send “thank you” cards 
Folkway
Norm to wear appropriate clothing for the occasion
Norm to rise for the National Anthem

24. Review from yesterday Prezi Norms Review
Dual Enrollment Registration is Due Wednesday September 14th

25. Norms What is normal? adjective
1.conforming to the standard or the common type; usual; notabnormal; regular; natural.
2.serving to establish a standard.

26. Enforcing NORMS (rules)
Sanctions are rewards and punishments used to encourage conformity to norms—can be positive or negative
Formal sanctions: imposed by people with authority
Informal sanctions: any member of a group
We sanction ourselves mentally—conform to norms because we believe that the behavior expected from us is appropriate, avoid guilt feelings, or fear social disapproval

27. Values
What is the most valuable thing in your possession? Why?

28. VALUES Broad ideas about what is good and desirable
Mostly agreed upon within society
Different groups within the same society can have different norms based on the same value

29. American Values Read the Article “America Values”
On the back answer the following:
Do you agree with these 10 listed values? Why or why not? Which ones would change? What would you replace it with and why?

30. Nonmaterial Culture Values Basic Values in the United States
Broad ideas about what is good or desirable shared by people in a society
Basic Values in the United States
1. Achievement
2. Activity & work
3. Efficiency & practicality
4. Equality
5. Democracy
6. Group Superiority

31. Material V. Nonmaterial Culture
Material culture is something you can touch, see…a material object.
Nonmaterial culture is something you cannot see or feel….
What is an example of material culture in the United States? What is an example of nonmaterial American culture?

32. Material v. NonMaterial
Select an activity that you enjoy, such as a sport or a hobby. Next, analyze this activity in terms of its material and non material aspects and its cultural components.
For example, sports.
The material culture would include all the paraphernalia and locations needed to play it.
The non material aspects would include team spirit, competitiveness, skill, and submission to the coach’s authority.

33. Nonmaterial Culture: Beliefs
Ideas about the nature of reality
True or False…religious beliefs, belief aliens exist
People base their behavior on beliefs

34. Beliefs
Brainstorm different beliefs that you think help provide a sense of community. These might be beliefs about the community as a whole or about the environment in which the community resides.
Bellevue
Bellevue West
Americans
Cliques

35. Ideal v. Real Real culture Ideal culture
actual behavior patterns of members of a group
Ideal culture
Guidelines a group of members claim to accept
Picking nose, cheating, lying, etc.

36. Cultural Diversity & Similarity
Culture changes for 3 major reasons
Discovery: finding something that already exists
Invention: creation of something new
Diffusion: borrowing aspects of culture from other cultures—cultural blending

37. Cultural Diversity
Social categories—groups of people who share same social characteristics--can create diversity
For example: age, gender, race, religion
Subculture is part of the dominant culture but differs in some important aspects
Chinatown, Little Italy, other examples
Counterculture is deliberately & consciously opposed to certain beliefs or attitudes of the dominant culture
Hippies, Gangs, Revolutions, religious groups

38. Subculture & Counterculture
Video 1 min

39. Ethnocentrism Judging others in terms of one’s own cultural standards
“They” dress weird
“They” eat crazy food
“They” drive on the wrong side of the road

40. Peru

41. Olympics

42. Three Theories and Culture
Functionalism
Culture meets basic needs. Values influence how these needs are met.
Amish value hard work—use horses and manual labor
Conflict Theory
Culture helps maintain the privileges & positions of powerful groups by reinforcing dominant ideas
Symbolic Interactionism
Culture is transmitted through social interaction. There are symbols that represent each culture.

43. Practice
Complete the back rest of your sheet either by yourself or with a partner. You probably do not need a book.
Vocab quiz on Tuesday over Chapter 3 words